I think you're talking about the "metadata" (EXIF, IPTC, etc) that is stored in each image file. Most of it is static info and there is no way to turn off the recording of it. To get rid of it, you need to strip it after the fact. There are a number of 3rd party utility programs that do that. However, I'll give you an easy way inside of Photoshop.
1. Copy your image via Select All and Copy Merged.
2. Do a File/New and create a new document. That new document will have no meaningful metatata.
3. Paste your image into the new document, flatten and save.
That saved document will have no metadata except its creation date and "created by Photoshop".
Be careful with colorspaces. Make sure the new document is created with the same colorspace as the old.
Jeff is right about the History Log, but you specifically mentioned the Raw data. That is added by your raw converter (ACR), and I don't think there is any way to turn it off.
If you want to strip some of the data but leave other parts (like original capture date, camera model, camera settings), then you will have to use one of the 3rd party programs. I've never bothered, so I can't recommend any.