It'll depend on the printer model and driver, and driver settings.
In some cases you can load external profiles directly into the driver; in some cases you cannot.
If you use application-managed color, then as long as the application (e.g., LR) has a general mechanism for loading profiles, then you can print with whatever profiles you wish, regardless of the printer model. Of course, if the profiles themselves are problematic for some reason, the results won't look good ...