When you look at the Strobist site, click the Lighting 101 link, and start at the beginning.
As for strobes, yes, the advantage to speedlights is portability. The disadvantage is low power. The cost can be mitigated -- you don't *need* the high-end Canon flash units if you are going to shoot in manual mode (which is how you would have to use the Alien Bees.) Any shoe-mount flash unit with a manual mode will work, even a 20-year old unit from eBay. Or look at the Lumopro units.
In the long run you may find that you need both kinds of flash kits. My most used kit is a 4-light speedlight kit that fits in a carry-on size rolling Pelican case. But when that's not enough I break out the Dynalites, or the Norman 400B units if I need something in between.