I have two separate computers working off of the same image database (located on a NAS).
Computer #1:
Used for editing. *.lrcat resides locally (as Lightroom demands it), on every application exit, the *.lrcat is backed up to the NAS.
Computer #2:
Only used for viewing. I have got a batch script that copies the newest *.lrcat from the NAS prior to launching Lightroom.
This setup works fine for what I do, so long as one does not expect to use Computer # 2 for editing.
All of this is an awkward way of saying: copy the *.lrcat and the image files from A to B, and you will be mostly fine.
Note that things like custom camera profiles needs to be propagated manually.
-h