In WDC drives, the feature is TLER. What amusing about this, to me, is that disabling the error correction is the enterprise feature you pay extra for. Instead of correcting the error, the disk reports the error, and a hardware RAID controller of sufficient capability will simply rebuild the data for that failed sector (or stripe) with parity. So the disk isn't considered failed, just a particular LBA and hence stripe. But as you say, if the feature is not-enabled, i.e. ECC is fully enabled, possibly 1/2 minute to full minute delays are possible with some errors, and the disk is effectively non-responsive while it's working on that. Hardware RAID controllers may consider such a drive as failed, and drop it out of the array even though 99.999% of the LBAs are completely readable with no errors.
Note that software RAID does not have this "problem" it's much more tolerant data delays from drives before they're dropped from the array. And many consumer RAID products are in fact software RAID. The problem with such proprietary solutions is that it's not clear what they're using, even affordable disreet RAID cards may be in effect running software RAID on the card and thus don't need TLER capable disks.