This posted image is at least 1/2 stop overexposed if you look at the rocks in the background.
Yeah, but normally 1/2 stop overexposed is no big deal and conventional wisdom says shoot for the right end of the histogram to reduce shadow noise and I can't see just blue over on my 1ds field histograms either. I do leave my camera permanently in saturated pixels flashing mode, so it's a little strange that I got neither any histogram or flashing blown pixels warning with this. I've only seen this weird color noise problem twice now, both times shooting into the sun where there were very bright highlights. Now I know that in the future I'll underexpose at least a stop and check to make sure that the histogram isn't then falling off the left side on those very rare occasions where conditions are such that this is liable to happen. I'll also experiment with a polarizing filter.
I'm still a little confused about just what it is that you are seeing
Yeah, me too. It just looks like a totally weird wrong colored unidentifiable layer of some sort of garbage. In some of the other frames this time and on the other occasion it was more clear that it was very screwed up areas of densely clustered highlights on flowing water. In any case the actual scene had nothing that looked like this whatever it is. I tried all sorts of things removing these green and purple colors (successfully), but even converting the image to greyscale leaves that area looking weird, pixillated and unidentifiable as to what it might actually be.
It's definitely looking like this is a prevention and not a cure situation. Something I had to go through in the process or racking up my 10,000 hours on the way to technical mastery. :p