Indeed. Quick googling did not return anything of the sort.
Then again, it's been a rule the last 10-20 years already, that if you are on a work visa and you lose a job, you have a limited amount of time to either find a new job or change your visa status. The time period was typically around 30 or 60 days, after which you are supposed to leave the country.
as usual the devil is in the details and a lot of it - let us consider for simplicity a non-immigrant visa status like H-1B... if your employer-sponsor fires you, then it technically ("legally") must file a request with USCIS to withdraw its H-1B petition (or it owes you your wages) and you indeed need either to
1) find a new H-1B visa sponsor which will petition USCIS to extend your visa status (even if withdrawal request was filed and even approved)... this is popuraly known as "/H1/ visa transfer".. or may be your have your I-485 petition (to adjust your non immigrant visa status to a permanent resident) filed already, then you can simply find a new "GC" employer-sponsor ("H1 sponsor" and "GC sponsor" are not the same, they typically are the same company - at least initially, but legally they can be different companies and along the way you can change either, etc, etc) and work on EAD card w/o going back to H-1B visa status...
or
2) leave the country / and within a certain time frame to possibly avoid possible penalties ( like being barred from re-entry, etc, etc ) if you ever attempt to seek some immigrant/non-immigrant visa in the future - but then with both federal laws and internal USCIS / Dept. of State instructions changing a lot all the time this is like a lottery /
or
3) attempt to change your H-1B non-immigrant visa status to some other possible for you non-immigrant visa status (for example H4 if you are married and your spouse has H-1B or go to college)
or
4) attempt to get into some protected status based for example on asylum petition or file a petition to apply for an immigrant status or whatever - point is while your attempt is making rounds within the system you can sit here legally
----
but in real life it is not what happens for H-1B... if your employer-sponsor is a bodyshop (specifically a small time bodyshop vs a big public company, like where I work for last couple of decades) it can stop paying you wages (not legal, yes - but when both sides are interested this stays between them) and not do anything about your petition - they can find you another contract (even like 6 month later) or you can find it yourself on C2C and they can start paying you wages again (even w/o paying you back wages owed - again not legal but with both sides interested this stays between them)... or you can do nothing from above and still find another H1 sponsor (again that probably will be a bodyshop to take case like yours) and once they file a petition for "H1 visa transfer" (yes, they can even knowing for certain that you are out of status, but this is the real life vs the law) you can start working for them right away...
meanwhile USCIS might
{A} question the petition by sending RFE for your paystubs (prove that you were in H-1B status = your prev. sponsor paid you) - new sponsor simply answers that no paystubs available and cases goes to options B, C, D listed further - more often D in real life __OR__
{B} /worst case scenario/ simply reject a petition if H-1B petition withdrawal was filed by prev. H-1B sponsor and already approved by USCIS quite some /based on current USCIS instructions about the time frame/ time ago __OR__
{C} petition can be approved with status extension (yes, as it is a decision made by a human in the end) __OR__
{D} petition can be approved w/o extending the status ( then you need to do a round trip and get your H-1B status when you re-enter the country with valid H-1B visa stamp and H-1B petition approval notice... readers shall know that H-1B visa stamp, H-1B petition, H-1B petition approval notice, H-1B visa status /in your I-94/ are 4 different things )... along the way if you are valuable enough /you bring enough money in the house/ for a new sponsor their immigration lawyer can get involved to fight USCIS in case of B and meanwhile you continue to work "legally" / in real life feds are simply not going to court to prove that you and your sponsor conspired to defraud from the very beginning - albeit they can for example use live baits to entrap and so scare even small bodyshops from doing that /
