Hmmm. No, Edge Sharpen is still there in Aperture 3.3. It's the preferred adjustment, and what you get by default when you hit control-S to add a sharpen adjustment.
"Sharpen" is purely a legacy adjustment. Unless you used Aperture in 1.0 and have photos you sharpened and haven't upgrade, you should never use it.
As far as can tell, the Quick Brush uses Sharpen (and has since at least v. 3.0, which is where I climbed aboard). As such, it is not "
purely a legacy adjustment". Rather, the two sharpening adjustments exist side-by-side. (If you sharpen using the Quick Brush, you get a "Sharpen" Brick in the Adjustment stack; if you add an "Edge Sharpen" adjustment, you get an "Edge Sharpen" Brick in the Adjustment stack; if you do both, you get both.)
I have assumed that the engineers left it this way for a reason, and have thus used the Sharpen Brick for brushing, and the Edge Sharpen Brick for whole-image sharpening.