I read Google's translation of the article. It wasn't clear who received the fine. Was it the local guide? Or was it the leader of the camping party from the Czech Republic who was fined? (no local guide). If it was a guide, who is licensed by Svalbard, then the fine could be appropriate. He should have known better and done a better job to prevent the situation from happening.
However, if it was a visitor, then expecting visitors not to make mistakes seems like hoping too much. This was not a case of people deliberately approaching too close to the bears that you stated was forbidden. The three-person party was legally camping and asleep in their tent. They had set up a perimeter alarm fence system which is a normal requirement when camping in bear territory. Apparently, the alert fence was elevated too high and the bear slipped under it without setting off the alarm. It seems like they took reasonable precautions. After all, I'm sure they didn't intend to be attacked in their sleep. They just mis-judged where to set the height of the fence.
The fine is what interests me. If it was for a visitor from Czech and not an official guide, what better reason to use a guide then being faced with a $10,000 fine. Maybe the fine was pushed by the polar bear tourism industry to get visitors to use expensive local guides and companies rather than go out on their own and spend less money locally.