This article by Richard Sexton seems rather convoluted to me. From my perspective, there are just half a dozen main considerations when choosing a camera. They are noise, resolution, autofocusing accuracy, weight, price and lens quality.
There are lots of other secondary considerations, such as frame rate, camera LCD resolution, LiveView implementation, menu arrangement, auto-exposure bracketing range, etc, but all these are issues one can learn to adapt to, or are limitations one can learn to tolerate.
If the fundamental requirements that I've listed are lacking, then some of your images will unavoidably be lacking, which is not to say that it always matters. If your camera is limited in dynamic range, then you can specialize in images with large areas of solid black. Sometimes, that can enhance an image. However, I wouldn't like to be in the position of having to often disguise shadow noise in my images by rendering such areas completely black.
As regards zooms versus primes, which may require a bit of walking, which may not be good for capturing the moment, but may be good for general health, the issue is also one of lens quality and price. The main reason to buy a prime is if it produces a noticeably better quality, sharper image, than a zoom of the same focal length.
Primes also tend to have a wider maximum aperture than the equivalent zoom, so that's an advantage for the prime, if one likes a very shallow DoF, and/or if one needs a fast shutter speed to freeze movement at a low ISO, which may also result in lower noise.