So the reason medium format is not on the space station: too big of files and no long lenses (presumably a combination of absolute lengths and the aperture/speed of lenses available on both).
That is a ridiculous over simplification of what is involved with working on the space station and modern space exploration.
First of all the cost of one man hour of research on the space station is over $ 10,000,000.
Time is very very valuable. Cameras with advanced functionality are far more important than MP count.
Also recording motion image with the same equipment.
As far as future space exploration goes it will not be manned. That stupid cold war bullshit is over.
As far as producing high resolution images the mars rovers used 2MP cameras and advanced stitching techniques.
The cameras used will have more of a background from scientific and military use.
In space with high contrast light dynamic range is far more important than MP count. For that reason space exploration cameras will be
built around advanced custom sensors, not old technology MF sensors.
Also as far as future exploration goes it will be robotic with the need of remote control. This wil be done with propitiatory custom equipment.
It will be far more along the lines of modern technology in Nikons and Canons that already have quite advanced remote control, even consumer products are available with wireless control and wireless live view.
I also doubt that any space program would put themselves in the hands of current mfd companies that don't have the
financial solidity that would be required to be a supplier. They will either go with technology giants like Canon, Fuji, Zeiss, Nikon or Teledyne
or one of the many other industrial imaging giants that have experience and products that go beyond the visible spectrum.