This head is like the other geared heads you have used.
The large pear-shaped knobs aren't extra levers, and they aren't locks in the usual way. They're more like switches that engage and disengage the gear mechanism. So if your turn one in a counter-clockwise direction the movement for that knob becomes free-wheeling with a nice amount of friction. Enough to keep things from flopping about. The manfro gear heads have a similar engage/disengage knob.
Disengaging the gears makes big movements of the head like pointing down 90° as fast as a ball or standard 3 way head. For some people the lack of free movement is one of things they don't like about the Cube who's gears are always engaged. A big movement requires many turns of the knob. I believe this is the 'slowness' of gear heads that some users dislike.
Some might use the D4 more like a ball head with gears for fine adjustment: 'unlock' (disengage gears), jam the camera around freely, 'lock' (engage the gears), then fine tune the position. Others will rarely use the 'un-lock' config.
With gears engaged there is no additional locking required. The gears are such that the head will not budge without turning a round knob, and when a round knob is turned there is micrometer-like control of the head. There is no 'slop' or unwanted movement. This is the main attribute of a good geared head.
The small pear knobs, however, are true locks for top and bottom pan. There's no gears for these movements so you turn a knob one way to unlock and swing, then turn it the other way to lock. Again, there isn't the slightest amount of movement when you lock them down like you get with most (all?) other types of heads. All free movement is very nicely controlled by friction, similar to a fluid head.
Having said all that, I don't do high magnification macro so I can't really say for sure there is absolutely no unwanted movement. I can only say there is no movement that I can detect. But at these prices and from a company like Arca, I feel pretty safe in saying this is about as good as it gets.
Seems like a pretty thorough description of how this head works, but if more info is needed I'm happy to supply it.