Thanks to shewhorn and digitaldog for the replies, but that doesn't seem to be what is happening. I redid the profile using the LCD setting and obtained a very different profile.
Examining the profiles with Colorsync and using my limited understanding:
- the Apple profile seems to set the display to gamma 2.4
- the i1 laptop profile constrains the gamma to 2.2 (the desired gamma) for each of the red, green and blue tone response curves
- the i1 LCD profile uses different gamma values for the tone response curves, but they average to 2.23.
Using the i1 Match Monitor Validator tool, both i1 profiles show an average delta E of just over 2, but the LCD profile has larger maximum values.
The i1 laptop profile is more pleasing and gives colour ramps that look a bit smoother, although there is banding in both.
This is more work than a small laptop display deserves (I use a NEC PA271W for serious work), but I was curious and I find that the i1 laptop profile is more useful than the Apple profile.
The three profiles are attached.