It's my understanding that some of the older Intel Macs, up until about two or so revisions ago only had a 32-bit memory controller, which meant they were limited to using ≈3GB RAM. After that, I believe they supported 6GB max, though 4GB was the official limit, and now it's 8GB on the latest machines. (if it weren't for the considerable cost of that 8GB RAM, I'd probably have upgraded at this point)
My MacBook Pro (2.33GHz Core2Duo when that was the top spec) also has this limitation—annoyingly, it was the revision after mine that they got past the 3GB limit.
I think you still get better memory performance from using matched pairs (2x2GB) instead of mixed (2GB + 1GB) but I'm not certain about that.
It's a huge annoyance though, I often end up needing more than 3GB and as notebook hard drive performance is terrible (especially a 2.5 year old one) it's painful when OSX starts paging to disk.