If you are working towards prints the answer has to do with square measures, not linear: The 10D has an image file size of 2000 x 3000. Let's use 200 ppi as our test case. at 200 ppi, the 10D gives a print size of 10 inches by 15 inches. The 20D's file size is 2336 x 3504 for a print size at 200 ppi of 11.68 inches by 17.52 inches.
That's an 11.68% increase in resolution. Me and arithmetic don't get along, but I believe that to be invariant with changes in ppi.
OK: Tim has just posted along the same vein. Hopefully, the correlation between print resolution and imager resolution is clear.