I used a Phase One back for the last couple of years on a Hassy 501CM with CF and CFi lenses. Every once in a while, I had problems with the back not syncing-- seemed to be random, but my problem was clearly centered around the Sync cable. I noticed that moving from speeds over 1/60 of a second down to 1/8 or 1/4 sec aggravated the problem.
I would try to isolate the problem to one of the two areas: (1) DB problem or (2) Lens flash terminal/sync problem
(1) Do you have another Leaf back or a dealer who can lend you a back to test? Just to make sure it isn't your back or the cable connector on the DB. Then you can narrow it down to specific lenses or the back.
(2) The Hassy lenses use a mechanical sync in the flash terminal, you may want to try a different PC/Interface cord between the lens and the body.
In addition, you may want to make sure the PC socket and sync connectors on the lens are in good shape, i.e. "up to factory spec".
When I started using the P-back with my V system, my dealer gave me a heads up and said they had problems with some of the Hassy lenses syncing correctly--- it usually turned out to be that the flash terminal/sync parts were worn. He added that once the lenses were overhauled, they worked fine. Fortunately, most of my lenses were modern CFs or CFis and recently serviced.
Hope this helps.
Rich
NGOphotographer