Alright so today (after a month! - yikes!) I got the P65+ back from PhaseOne, they did some recalibration (the files look much cleaner than they did before) and exchanged a few bits and pieces.
They also said they replaced the IR-Filter which cost a whopping 990€.
Now the strange shapes have disappeared (mostly, some tiny variations are still here but it's much better. However I did notice that the small scratches that were present before are still there - and some marks also line up with the scratches. But if PhaseOne really
did exchange the IR Filter they would have to be gone, right?
I'm asking myself whether they actually replaced the filter or just cleaned the old one and re-used it, thinking it would be alright.
Here's a comparison, left before and right after the service:
edit: according to my PhaseOne dealer those aren't scratches, they are actually minor flaws in the sensor coating - under normal circumstances they aren't visible anyway