Luminous Landscape Forum

Equipment & Techniques => Medium Format / Film / Digital Backs – and Large Sensor Photography => Topic started by: David Watson on May 15, 2011, 11:49:41 am

Title: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: David Watson on May 15, 2011, 11:49:41 am
Having read with great interest Mark and Michael's reviews of the new IQ80 I began to wonder how and when I should sell my house to buy one but before I do I would like to understand the benefits a little better.

Both Mark and Michael talk about an almost indefinable quality - "almost liquid colours" - to quote (or perhaps paraphrase) Mark's comments.  If it is not the super abundance of megapixels that does this what is it?  Assuming that they are processing their images in Capture One is it not reasonable to assume that this raw converter will produce a similar look from other sensors albeit in smaller files?  Is there some aspect of the new sensor or the electronics behind it or even some special way C1 handles these files that produces this quality?

I don't generally print larger than 24 x 16 very often so I cannot justify the investment on size alone but if there is a magic ingredient that produces  a better (read much much better at this price) image quality over a 40MP back or a D3X then I would really like to hear about it.  Particularly if this same quality will apply to the IQ40 and IQ60.

Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: michael on May 15, 2011, 12:03:43 pm
It's a combination of factors. Yes, even on a smaller print the extra megapixels do count. It's a form of oversampling. Similar to making a small print from a large format negative.

Dynamic range is another. Without opening a debate, the DR of the IQ180 is quite something. Just avoid clipping and you can open the shadows to produce increadable images, no matter how deep they are. HDR? We don't need no stinkn' HDR.

Colour is another thing. It isn't about accuracy per se, but rather the subtle variations that are seen in individual colours, that tend to blend together in lesser imagers.

As I've written, the sensors in the IQ160 and 140 are the same as previous P series backs. One gains the IQ's new design, interface and screen. With the IQ180 it's a new sensor that provides (along with the Aptis II 12) the highest available pixel count, but much else has been improved in terms of IQ.

It's about the cumulative effect of these changes. None are earth shaking, but combined they make for a noticeable difference for anyone practicing good shooting technique and who has an eye for image quality.

Michael
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: David Watson on May 15, 2011, 12:07:35 pm
Thanks Michael - I will give the estate agent a call!
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: David Watson on May 15, 2011, 01:27:17 pm
If you're looking for the magic ingredient responsible for any differences between 16 x 24 prints captured with the various 50/60/80 megapixel backs then perhaps you're looking for the wrong thing?

Not at all.  I am just curious about the whole thing.  Why would anyone want spend $40,000 on a piece of equipment that by Michael's reckoning only matters very slightly for images printed larger than 24x16.  My suggestion of selling my house to buy one was a bit of irony.  I am actually quite happy with what I can do with my full frame 35mm equipment.  I have owned a Hasselblad MFD system which I liked a lot but just didn't use enough.  Some of my favourite photographs have been taken with compact cameras or relatively inexpensive DSLR's.  What do they say - "the best camera is the one you have with you"?  My MF equipment was usually in my office or studio.  My M9 is always with me now. :)
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: Erick Boileau on May 15, 2011, 01:51:27 pm
...
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: ErikKaffehr on May 16, 2011, 01:50:33 am
Hi,

If you make a really great image it may be possible that you want to print that image big. For that reason it's always nice with more pixels. Landscape can have a lot of fine detail. To really use all the available pixel very good technique is needed.

I have downloaded some demo images from Phase One, taken with the P65+ and they were impressive.

Best regards
Erik


Not at all.  I am just curious about the whole thing.  Why would anyone want spend $40,000 on a piece of equipment that by Michael's reckoning only matters very slightly for images printed larger than 24x16.  My suggestion of selling my house to buy one was a bit of irony.  I am actually quite happy with what I can do with my full frame 35mm equipment.  I have owned a Hasselblad MFD system which I liked a lot but just didn't use enough.  Some of my favourite photographs have been taken with compact cameras or relatively inexpensive DSLR's.  What do they say - "the best camera is the one you have with you"?  My MF equipment was usually in my office or studio.  My M9 is always with me now. :)
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: Doug Peterson on May 16, 2011, 02:27:49 am
I am actually quite happy with what I can do with my full frame 35mm equipment.  I have owned a Hasselblad MFD system which I liked a lot but just didn't use enough.  Some of my favourite photographs have been taken with compact cameras or relatively inexpensive DSLR's.  What do they say - "the best camera is the one you have with you"?  My MF equipment was usually in my office or studio.  My M9 is always with me now. :)

"The best camera is the one you have with you" is Truth for photo journalists, street photographers, life-documentation/snapshots etc. But, e.g. a commercial fashion shooter is rarely going to pick a camera because it will fit in his/her pocket better. In my opinion this truism is just a shooting-style-specific version of the universal truth: "the best camera is the one best suited for your needs".

As to your question I think it's important to remember that a whole lot of factors go into the look/feel of the images created by a certain camera.

My generic purpose list of the image quality chain:
Lens Hood / Flare > Lens coating > lens > aperture/shutter > body's internal blackness > IR filter > microlenses > AA filter (or lack thereof) > > Bayer RGBG color filters > sensor size > sensor pixel type > readout speed > sensor-to-AD-convertor path, A/D convertor (both bit depth and quality) > heat sinking / cooling > raw file compression > black calibration > in camera raw data manipulation > characteristic curve > ICC profile > demosaic algorithm > deconvolution algorithm > noise reduction type > up-res or down-res algorithm > sharpening

As one specific example the IQ180 uses a new set of RGB filters in the Bayer pattern compared to the P65+. This leads to a slightly different color response and therefore leads to different ICC profiles and would therefore impact the raw data the software team would be referencing when tweaking various raw processing algorithms etc etc.

Trying to determine which factors lead to a particular difference is generally a futile effort. Best to simply evaluate a system as a system and, when possible, do so yourself in your own typical real-world shooting scenario.

But I would somewhat echo Michael's evaluation. I'm not prepared yet to name it (or agree with Michael's terminology) but from my initial review of IQ files there is a difference in the color handling on the IQ180 vs the P65+ and P40+. Subtle, yes, but real. 

Doug Peterson (e-mail Me) (doug@captureintegration.com)
__________________

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Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: ondebanks on May 16, 2011, 07:22:43 am
Re. "almost liquid colours" - if there is something special about the colour rendering of MFDBs vs. DSLRs, then the underlying reason which I would pull out of Doug's imaging chain/list is "Bayer RGBG color filters". While DSLRs [like my 5DII] murder MFDBs [like my DCS645M] on luminance sensitivity (ISO), their colour discrimination may be poorer due to stronger spectral overlaps in their Bayer matrix filters. DxOMark correlation tests have proven that these excessive overlaps exist, although they also vary between DSLR models. See e.g.  DxOMark analysis (http://www.dxomark.com/index.php/en/Our-publications/DxOMark-Insights/Canon-500D-T1i-vs.-Nikon-D5000/Color-blindness-sensor-quality).

It is also thus with film. Velvia's famous colours (and slow ISO) arise from narrow-peaked, little-overlapping colour layer responses. Fast film, like the Agfa 1000RS I used a lot of, has lower saturation and discrimination because one way for manufacturers to boost speed is to have broad-peaked, highly overlapping colour layer responses. Broad peaks mean higher overall q.e. (but similar colour hues tend to "block up"), and with overlapping colour layer responses, if a photon of a given wavelength is not absorbed in its primary or expected layer, there is a greater chance of it being absorbed in another layer in the stack, also increasing q.e.

Ray
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: michael on May 16, 2011, 08:36:30 am
Colour Discrimination is a good phrase. I've been searching for a way of describing what we see.

When Kevin showed up in SMA this past February with a pre-production IQ180 it wasn't more than a couple of hours and a few prints before I saw that the back was capable of discerning more colour variations than I was used to seeing. A week later Mark Dubovoy reported the same thing without our having discussed it.

Michael
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: Anders_HK on May 16, 2011, 09:30:43 am
Michael and others,

These and more are things very interesting to hear and find out about the IQ180 vs. Aptus/Afi-II 12 and compared to prior generation sensor backs.

Can possibly more be summarized and compared to those and other backs?

Doug,

Are you guys up for making a comparison of what more than megapixels there is that set these two backs apart from other generation backs, and precisely what differ them or make them similar?

Thank you.

Regards
Anders
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: michael on May 16, 2011, 10:48:29 am
I don't have an Aptus back available for comparison.

In any event, I think it would be a tedious and difficult job finding the differences between these two. Kind of like comparing a Mercedes E Series with a BMW 5 series. No one would be happy in the end regardless of the outcome.

My suggestion is that if this is of real world interest to you so that you can make a purchase decision, (rather than simply curiosity), visit dealers, borrow the gear, and do your own tests. That's the only way for it to make sense.

I wouldn't buy a $40,000 car based on a review or comparisons in a magazine or on a web site, and the same applies to an equally expensive MF back. Even if you have to travel to a city that has dealers for both products, the cost is minor compared to the investment that you'll be making.

Michael
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: David Watson on May 16, 2011, 11:10:58 am

……….My suggestion is that if this is of real world interest to you so that you can make a purchase decision, (rather than simply curiosity), visit dealers, borrow the gear, and do your own tests. That's the only way for it to make sense…………

Michael

Michael - I hold my hands up and accept that my original post wasn't born out of an imminent desire to spend $40k on a new MFDB but of curiosity.  However that does not nullify the fact that the question is still worth asking.  If we exclude those wealthy purchasers who must have the best whatever and the few pro's who genuinely need this size of sensor and perhaps more importantly who can justify the investment what are we left with?  We are left with a very large number of amateurs, pro's and semi-pros who shouldn't be thinking of spending money on something they don't need by some indefinable "something".

So whilst my initial question was born out of curiosity I am still interested in a coherent and fact based answer which, by your own admission, may not be possible. Here's a supplementary question. If I was shown two prints made at 24 x 16 one taken on a $10k camera and one using this back would the difference be so great that I would henceforth be completely unhappy with anything produced on my $10k camera? If the answer was yes I might well, at that point, start crying quietly or start saving to buy one.  ;)
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: telyt on May 16, 2011, 11:53:40 am
... Here's a supplementary question. If I was shown two prints made at 24 x 16 one taken on a $10k camera and one using this back would the difference be so great that I would henceforth be completely unhappy with anything produced on my $10k camera? If the answer was yes I might well, at that point, start crying quietly or start saving to buy one.  ;)

How do you quantify happiness?  It seems only you can answer this question because nobody else knows what makes you happy (or unhappy).
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: Peter McLennan on May 16, 2011, 11:58:32 am
Colour Discrimination is a good phrase. I've been searching for a way of describing what we see.

That's a good descriptor.  Now that I read it, it's apparent that it's exactly what I'm now seeing on my new $1600 NEC monitor compared to the $300 business monitors I've been using.

In the world of photography hardware, it's apparent that money CAN buy you love. : )

Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: David Watson on May 16, 2011, 12:05:24 pm
How do you quantify happiness?  It seems only you can answer this question because nobody else knows what makes you happy (or unhappy).

Good question!  Let's start with an excellent single malt, the smile on a child's face, a dog wagging its tail, a client who pays up promptly, a car that starts every morning, that feeling of delicious weariness after a long walk, getting off a plane (any plane), …. where do I stop? :)

What makes me unhappy?  Ask my wife - she will tell you ???

My more serious point was that I really do not believe that for 99% of situations expenditure on this scale on a piece of photographic equipment is either warranted or justifiable in any real world (sorry Michael) situation.
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: telyt on May 16, 2011, 12:59:42 pm
... My more serious point was that I really do not believe that for 99% of situations expenditure on this scale on a piece of photographic equipment is either warranted or justifiable in any real world (sorry Michael) situation.

Few could rationally disagree with you.  It's for those 1% situations.  For the other 99% a high-end CaNikon DSLR is overkill most of the time, too.
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: hjulenissen on May 16, 2011, 03:11:16 pm
Re. "almost liquid colours" - if there is something special about the colour rendering of MFDBs vs. DSLRs, then the underlying reason which I would pull out of Doug's imaging chain/list is "Bayer RGBG color filters". While DSLRs [like my 5DII] murder MFDBs [like my DCS645M] on luminance sensitivity (ISO), their colour discrimination may be poorer due to stronger spectral overlaps in their Bayer matrix filters. DxOMark correlation tests have proven that these excessive overlaps exist, although they also vary between DSLR models. See e.g.  DxOMark analysis (http://www.dxomark.com/index.php/en/Our-publications/DxOMark-Insights/Canon-500D-T1i-vs.-Nikon-D5000/Color-blindness-sensor-quality).

It is also thus with film. Velvia's famous colours (and slow ISO) arise from narrow-peaked, little-overlapping colour layer responses. Fast film, like the Agfa 1000RS I used a lot of, has lower saturation and discrimination because one way for manufacturers to boost speed is to have broad-peaked, highly overlapping colour layer responses. Broad peaks mean higher overall q.e. (but similar colour hues tend to "block up"), and with overlapping colour layer responses, if a photon of a given wavelength is not absorbed in its primary or expected layer, there is a greater chance of it being absorbed in another layer in the stack, also increasing q.e.

Ray
If narrower bandwidth color filters are something distinguishing common MFDBs from DSLRs, I think that is very interesting.

Inspecting the color correction matrix (see for instance doc for dcraw) may give some insight. Perhaps it is as simple as a trade-off between luminance detail/noise vs chrominance detail/noise? Of course, extremely narrow-band CFAs will produce "color aliasing" that is practically impossible to emulate using wider CFAs.

Just like the lack of AA filters, I cant but help to think that the large asian DSLR manufacturers did what is "right" engineering-wise, and what customer surveys told them most people would want. For whatever reason (lack of funds, need to differentiate, subjective preference,...), the MF guys chose differently, and many (devoted) photographers seems to prefer their choices.

-k
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: michael on May 16, 2011, 04:46:43 pm
If I was shown two prints made at 24 x 16 one taken on a $10k camera and one using this back would the difference be so great that I would henceforth be completely unhappy with anything produced on my $10k camera? If the answer was yes I might well, at that point, start crying quietly or start saving to buy one.  ;)

Will you be able to see a difference side-by-side? Yes, no question. Is the difference worth spending $30,000 on. Only you can answer that question.

The main purchasers of MF backs are working pros doing commercial work, architecture, fashion etc. Their clients, sometimes spending upwards of $200,000 for a shoot want the highest possible image quality. That's why these hard nosed businessmen/photographers spend what they do on gear. (Some spend a lot more on lighting equipment than on backs – just to put things in perspective).

Most of the other customers are wealthy individuals who want/need the best that they can buy. Cars, houses, boats, watches, cameras. T'was always thus.

Then there's a very small group of fine art photographers who sell large nature/landscape prints though their own or other galleries. These folks in the past would have used (and many still do) 4X5" and 8X10" cameras, because that's what allows them to make large prints that consequently allows them to charge big bucks. Take Peter Lick for example. He shoots with a P65+. On a less grandiose scale there's Charlie Cramer, in my opinion a better photographer, though not as successful as Peter commercially. He also shoots with a P65+.

Bottom line – yes the difference is visible. Is it enough to make you want to sell a kidney? That's for you to decide.

Michael


Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: Doug Peterson on May 16, 2011, 05:35:35 pm
Then there's a very small group of fine art photographers who sell large nature/landscape prints though their own or other galleries. These folks in the past would have used (and many still do) 4X5" and 8X10" cameras, because that's what allows them to make large prints that consequently allows them to charge big bucks. Take Peter Lick for example. He shoots with a P65+. On a less grandiose scale there's Charlie Cramer, in my opinion a better photographer, though not as successful as Peter commercially. He also shoots with a P65+.

For those googling the last name is spelled Peter Lik. Not surprisingly Google autocorrects it from Peter Lick, but I have my SafeSearch turned on and I'd hate to think what I'd find if I didn't!  ;D

Peter Lik probably spends more money per month on the air conditioning each year for his Miami and Las Vegas gallery locations than he did on his 65+. Just as a point of perspective.

There are many niches in photography, many people making a lot of money (also many who struggle to make any), and many different styles and needs. Someone made the comment about 99% of applications not needing an IQ180. If Phase captures 1% of the international pro-camera market with the IQ180 they would throw a week long party to celebrate. The IQ180 is the creme-de-le-creme and carries the associated premium thereof.

Team Phase One makes cameras from factory-refurbished/warrantied Leaf Aptus 75, to the the Mamiya DM22 (<$10k) to the IQ140 ($22k) to the IQ180 (>$40k) and everything in between for a reason - different people will have different needs and different breaking points for incremental price vs. incremental quality.

As further example of pricing in almost every tool, toy, and technical-part in the world see the prices for the:
- absolute largest hard drive vs. one step down
- the absolute fastest CPU vs. one step down
- a impact-resistant hard drive vs. a mil spec impact-resistant hard drive
- the absolute fastest car in the world vs. one 90% as fast
- high-end commercial grade sauce pan vs. one from Target
- a bottle of Cuvee #3 vs. Harvest (microbrew beer)

Doug Peterson (e-mail Me) (doug@captureintegration.com)
__________________

Head of Technical Services, Capture Integration
Phase One Partner of the Year
Leaf, Leica, Cambo, Arca Swiss, Canon, Apple, Profoto, Broncolor, Eizo & More

National: 877.217.9870  |  Cell: 740.707.2183
Newsletter (http://"http://www.captureintegration.com/our-company/newsletters/") | RSS Feed (http://"http://www.captureintegration.com/2008/08/11/rss-feeds/")
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Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: tgipson on May 16, 2011, 07:16:04 pm
As one driven to get the highest quality from my images, I have avidly followed Michael and Mark's exploits with the new digital backs. Is there a chance there could be the same quality as presently experienced with physically smaller digital backs, eg 40 or 60MP, and hence lower price entry points into the MF field? Or are some of the quality issues mentioned purely dependent on the physical size of the sensor?
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: hubell on May 16, 2011, 10:15:59 pm

Then there's a very small group of fine art photographers who sell large nature/landscape prints though their own or other galleries. These folks in the past would have used (and many still do) 4X5" and 8X10" cameras, because that's what allows them to make large prints that consequently allows them to charge big bucks. Take Peter Lick for example. He shoots with a P65+. On a less grandiose scale there's Charlie Cramer, in my opinion a better photographer, though not as successful as Peter commercially. He also shoots with a P65+.


Michael







If you were to pick the top 10 photographers that you think fall into that group, many now shoot with a MFDB, but how many shoot with a technical camera? Any?
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: Anders_HK on May 16, 2011, 11:08:14 pm
I don't have an Aptus back available for comparison.

In any event, I think it would be a tedious and difficult job finding the differences between these two. Kind of like comparing a Mercedes E Series with a BMW 5 series. No one would be happy in the end regardless of the outcome.

Michael, You are one of few who have shot both at about same time...

Let me try explain and I hope you see why I ask.

Analogy between E and 5 series is good and the difference is startling if you know what to look for and know to put a car through the curves. However, they do not share same engine, the IQ180 and Aptus/Afi 12 does (sensor). So you suggest that we go to a dealer, look at an E and at another a 5, simple test drive and buy based on that? Sorry, insufficient basis.   :) When buying a car, first place I look is what others and reviewers say and in detail describe. It is possible and likely they have more insight and knows more what to look for. This helps narrow down and understand differences. With a car I want to know what is under the chassis, under the hood etc and how it handles in the curves on all kinds of roads that I am not able to put it through even during a week of test driving! Thus to gain a reference of its basis upon which I will make my own opinion on test drives and inspection. With backs there is regrettably much too little such info available…

Yes, my asking of IQ180 is out of curiosity for knowing how it compares to the Aptus/Afi 12 and to the other Leafs. Same as if I pick a 5 series I wish to know how it compares to an E. I have used Aptus 65 for four years.

Per my own experience a test drive of a back tend to bring primarily feeling for the interface. What is more? What about IMAGE QUALITY, which is the primary reason for which some of us use these TOOLS? And, especially between the 180 and 12 since they share same sensor. RAW files are in my opinion the most important test drive, but regrettably there are not many around. Would you be able to share some with us from your shoots with these two backs (photographic such, not test targets)?

Who needs more than what I have? Frankly for portraits my Aptus 65 sings. For landscapes is another matter… and the newer backs offer advantages, money aside.

The main purchasers of MF backs are working pros doing commercial work, architecture, fashion etc.

Yes, here in Hong Kong four years ago when I purchased my Aptus 65. That was then, market has since changed and I am told a large (larger?) segment is amateurs. Do people like us need MFDB? Well… actually some of us are in it for the sheer image quality and simply joy in photography rather than gear. What is new? With film amateurs used larger sized film; MF and LF, now MFDB…

Appreciate any more ifno you can give.

Regards
Anders
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: bcooter on May 17, 2011, 04:57:29 pm
Quote

for his Miami and Las Vegas gallery locations than he did on his 65+. Just as a point of perspective.



It's not really a matter of what you can afford, or JUST the cost of equipment.

I known some amazingly wealthy people that would never buy a new car, or anything they didn't get a huge discount on.  So it's not what you can afford.

It's all about business.

It's not the cost of production.  Our productions fall into the 6 figure range, but what seems like an enormous budget can get absorbed quickly with large crews, catering, just simple things like parking.  Heck in one location we had to permit through two municipalities, buy 35 parking spaces, hire a bonded valet company to move the cars from location to parking and back (and sometimes back again), so when people hear, hey they charged $_ _ _ , _ _ _. _ _ for a shoot,  that may seem like it's a lavish number that allows us to buy or rent anything we desire,  but in today's bottom line economy it really doesn't work that way.

We have to fairly but strongly negotiate every line item.  Let me repeat this.  Every line item.

Also when you take 6 figures out of your companies reserves, you need to know you'll show a real return.

So.

Its need vs. want.   Do you need it?  Do you want it? 

Me I fall somewhere in between in all equipment purchases.  I don't like renting for a number of reasons, but I never buy something that has limited use.

Presently we're buying more HMI's and I do need many multiples of them, though at 10 grand a pop it will take a while before they show a profit on the line item "lighting package".   

Do I want them?  Uh sure as long as I buy right, because those are the tools I make my living with and right now I'm living in a mostly continuous lighting world.

Though I have to admit I've never looked at a purchase with the thought of "heck" I spend more that a year in insurance, or that camera is 1/2 of our client entertainment because they are totally different expenditures for totally different reasons.

Spending a lot on one item, doesn't make it right or wrong to spend on another, not in commerce.

What does make a purchase easy is if it's a direct client request like the use of a camera like the RED, or it's will definitely expand our business and art, or better yet do all of those things faster, not slower and come out with every advertised item fully tested and functioning.

Today's market doesn't allow anyone to beta test.  We deliver or we disappear.  There is no in between.

As far as medium format, it will get my attention again when they have real  live view on camera.  That's a need, not a want, but that's just me and my projects.

We just finished a multiple location campaign that all required a large amount of back lighting for effects, type placement, and look. 

As always but more today we're under extreme pressure to perform in regards to time on set and variations.    Our projects require multiple ethnic options, multiple cropping from 16x9, double page, vertical, tight, all in still imagery, most in motion,  so time is more than of the essence, time equals budget which defines the project.

Focusing in any format with that much backlight is difficult, but having live view on camera allows me to lock the tripod down, move the cursor to the point we know will cover the subject in focus and shoot.  Almost as fast as I write this.

Also a lot of our stills are used in video so we need the backgrounds to be in a continuous position, which makes live view focusing important.

With my medium format backs this is difficult and though I can shoot a fairly close frame, walk over to the tech station, adjust, shoot another, the spontaneity gets lost, the project gets slightly slower and having a billion pixels doesn't matter if the image isn't sharp.

We also have to duplicate everything in motion imagery with the RED so for us live view on camera is more than a want.  I guess I can appreciate the newer medium format cameras with more megapixels, but still would like to see them at least keep up with some of the features of less expensive cameras that are on the market.

I'm sure some people feel differently.

IMO

BC
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: fredjeang on May 17, 2011, 07:04:23 pm
As often, if not always, I read a truth in your lines.

But on the other hand, I'm preocupated why these kind of posts are not showing-up more often in this part of the forum where commercial photography is largely represented.
A part from Cooter and a very few others, that are working hard and keep moving forward, and I thank them for the constant quality of their interventions, it seems that there are indeed parralel universes.

It appears to me that what is going on today in terms of digibacks is nothing less than an eccentricity.

Eccentricity in the price.
and eccentricity in the form.

We need more than MP and a few improvements in the curves for the maniacs, or the perfectionists... even if they are welcome.

When I compare what Red or even Arri, in terms of equipment-price are putting on the table, and I see where the wind is blowing from on the high-end still manufacturers, I can't help thinking that or these guys are giving up, or they are targetting a space on the Prado museum in the sculpture section.
Same for the softwares.

I'm not even sure if this direction (the argument of huge prints) is really interesting for most artits. I said that because I actually know a few, pure art-gallery photographers and talked with them about those equipments and they simply said no way. And it is not a price matter.

When I see all that panorama from my little position in Madrid, where we are all under pressure and to use a B.C sentence, As always but more today we're under extreme pressure to perform in regards to time on set and variations., I have the feeling that there is still a world outside, that I do not know, wich seems to be cool and relax, a world that can be excited by 20 more mp and a bit less of moire at 50000 bucks, o yes, and a new media management software in my mail.

Maybe I need to go more often doing camping on those wild canyons to understand.

In this other world, of continuous light, (yes as Coot and many we also are there now), where the time and workflow efficiency is not kidding, and remember that we also shoot stills swith continous lightning, what is really important is an "all-in-one" solution, both in terms of gear and softwares.  

I've spend this month on softwares solution and workflow, I compared, I even did the numbers wich is rather strange for me. When I received the Phase newsletter the first thing I asked was, does it reads Red Raw?...then I woke-up.
There are today extremely powerfull "all-in-one" softwares and suites for a very competitive cost and the same can be said for cameras.

I've been under harsh pressure those weeks, both for a personal choice to work hard on the video learning curve, and for assignment reasons where I've been bombed by work. Today I have 11 assignments on my board and only 3 are completed and the time is very short. Thank god I do not sign the cheques. No life, no sex, no bars except for coffees but just work. But you know what? It is more fun than ever! (it's even better than sex)

Finally, yesterday I've been very happy because I'm seeing that my efforts are starting to be rewarded.

What I find, is that it is very hard to be back on Photoshop or C1 after smoke or Avid, and for me, it is hard to feel excited by those backs after using a Red camera. But it could be, not in the current form with the current design and the current softwares.

So yes, like James, I can have a sweet eyes for those cameras, but I honestly would not know what to do with them in the context.
 
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: michael on May 17, 2011, 07:15:02 pm
If you were to pick the top 10 photographers that you think fall into that group, many now shoot with a MFDB, but how many shoot with a technical camera? Any?

I obviously don't know everyone. But of the ones I know, most now have switched to MFDBs. This includes, as I've already mentioned, Peter Lik, Charlie Cramer, Alain Briot, Bill Atkinson. Mark Dubovoy, and Tim Wolcott. All make a part of their living from selling fine art prints and all have work in either their own or major independent galleries and museums in the US or abroad.

Your point is?

Michael
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: BernardLanguillier on May 17, 2011, 07:45:34 pm
Then there's a very small group of fine art photographers who sell large nature/landscape prints though their own or other galleries. These folks in the past would have used (and many still do) 4X5" and 8X10" cameras, because that's what allows them to make large prints that consequently allows them to charge big bucks. Take Peter Lick for example. He shoots with a P65+. On a less grandiose scale there's Charlie Cramer, in my opinion a better photographer, though not as successful as Peter commercially. He also shoots with a P65+.

I would argue that today people looking at the highest possible image quality cannot ignore stitching, whatever the base camera used (DSLR or MFDB).

When the scene allows it, and many do, I would personally not understand the claim of a photographer about his high image quality standards if he doesn't use stitching whenever possible. That is especially true for easy South West scenes when red rocks don't move much. :)

I do understand that many people don't want to bother with stitching, but those photographers should stop claiming they are at the forefront of image quality, even if they use the latest MFDB.

They potentially are very far behind their competition and as we have heard a lot these days, resolution does matter even in small prints. There is no reason whatsoever to think that 80 mp is the end of things. I prefer by far to go with 300 or 400 megapixels.

Cheers,
Bernard
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: mikev1 on May 17, 2011, 08:30:23 pm
Wow, thanks for introducing me to Charles Cramer's work.  Very impressive, very different style than Lik for sure, lots of focus on the details with a scene.  Lik more likely to try and capture the whole vista.

I clicked on his Yosemite gallery expecting to see all the standard shots and was very pleased with what I found.
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: hubell on May 17, 2011, 08:55:58 pm
I obviously don't know everyone. But of the ones I know, most now have switched to MFDBs. This includes, as I've already mentioned, Peter Lik, Charlie Cramer, Alain Briot, Bill Atkinson. Mark Dubovoy, and Tim Wolcott. All make a part of their living from selling fine art prints and all have work in either their own or major independent galleries and museums in the US or abroad.

Your point is?

Michael

I think you missed my question. I agree with you that many, if not most, of the photographers on any short list of fine art landscape photographers for whom ultimate image quality is the end all/be all now use medium format backs, yet none of them, as far as I know, use technical cameras and lenses. This is true despite the fact that, at least in terms of theoretical resolution, as opposed to real world, what can you achieve in the field, sharpness, technical cameras and lenses are superior to medium format cameras and lenses. Why do you think that is? I read that you recently purchased an Alpa STC to use with a back. I will be curious to hear your views on whether you feel that the Alpa enhances or detracts from your ability to make compelling images.
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: Anders_HK on May 17, 2011, 09:32:54 pm
They potentially are very far behind their competition and as we have heard a lot these days, resolution does matter even in small prints. There is no reason whatsoever to think that 80 mp is the end of things. I prefer by far to go with 300 or 400 megapixels.

Bernard,

We have had differing opinion about stitching over the years, but perhaps we are narrowing in view?

What it ultimately need to come down to is the image, and how large the print will be, with how much detail and the ease and quality of capture. For certain applications 300 and 400 MP will be applicable, as for the future digital of likes of Clyde Butcher. For fashion and product shots, perhaps it will not.

I believe it makes sense though to be able to capture in one shot, or at least 2-3 quick ones. Though for top image quality it needs to be flat stitching by moving sensor instead of camera (a difference between Horizon camera and a Technorama per say, actually more so since pixels are interpolated when turning camera). The sweetness with these 80MP backs is that they are more versatile than a single shot panoramic camera. In one instance the back can be mounted on a MF camera for portraits, in another on a tech camera for panoramic or higher resolution e.g. 3:4 flat stitching.

On a tech camera these 80MP backs thus become increasingly sweet. Take the Alpa STC as most portable and perhaps best designed example. It offers +/-18mm shift and a dedicated lock mechanism to enable stitching of around 134MP using one of these 80MP (this is already stitching to a width of 57.5" or 1.5m @ 300 ppi). Yet it is low weight and with a Schneider 47 digitar is of similar weight as a Nikon 14-24 lens (not counting the back)!

Perhaps we should note that while 80MP may seem as the current craze to gaze at, it really is not and likely quick will be overtaken by more MP in next few years. Pixels aside, what I ultimately find most interesting with the IQ180 and Aptus/Afi-II 12 is the advancements that appear to be in image quality; there is finer gradation of color tones, broader dynamic range, improved color palette etc.

Regards
Anders
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: Alan W George on May 18, 2011, 01:30:23 am
I would argue that today people looking at the highest possible image quality cannot ignore stitching, whatever the base camera used (DSLR or MFDB).

When the scene allows it, and many do, I would personally not understand the claim of a photographer about his high image quality standards if he doesn't use stitching whenever possible.

I do understand that many people don't want to bother with stitching, but those photographers should stop claiming they are at the forefront of image quality, even if they use the latest MFDB.

Amen!

If you're not capturing the entire image circle of today's digital MF technical lenses, you're leaving a lot on the table.  Can't wait to scoop up a 100mm digitally designed image circle with a 5.2 micron MF sensor, mmmmm, my mouth is watering:)

Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: hjulenissen on May 18, 2011, 02:46:06 am
They potentially are very far behind their competition and as we have heard a lot these days, resolution does matter even in small prints. There is no reason whatsoever to think that 80 mp is the end of things. I prefer by far to go with 300 or 400 megapixels.
To make things simple:
Given a very good stitched source, printed as a small print using state-of-the-art printing. If you did a side-by-side where one side was degraded by high-quality downscaling/upscaling to e.g. 8 megapixels or 20 megapixels. Under what conditions do you think that "resolution would matter"? (e.g. print size, source resolution, viewer behaviour, etc)?

-h
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: EricWHiss on May 18, 2011, 03:01:20 am
I would argue that today people looking at the highest possible image quality cannot ignore stitching, whatever the base camera used (DSLR or MFDB).

When the scene allows it, and many do,


I use multishot backs for static scenes and repro, but I think you are vastly overestimating the percentage of work that can be stitched or captured with multishot for most photographers. Probably for those that shoot scenes that can be stitched, a scan back is a good idea too and a lot less money with higher DR.  Maybe most of your work is done with stitches, and for you its working fine but I think you go too far to suggest that people who consider these new backs have missed considering that technique.  I see that statement as both myopic and arrogant.   
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: ErikKaffehr on May 18, 2011, 03:23:25 am
Hi,

My view is that you can never have to much resolution or capture to many photons. Whatever the image size, it is always possible to improve it by stitching. Stitching gives you about one formate size advantage in resolution. Bernard is right the very often it is possible to stitch. It's way of making best use of what we have.

Quite often stitching won't work, but it's always worth a try.

Capturing more photons is good for image quality.

Best regards
Erik


I use multishot backs for static scenes and repro, but I think you are vastly overestimating the percentage of work that can be stitched or captured with multishot for most photographers. Probably for those that shoot scenes that can be stitched, a scan back is a good idea too and a lot less money with higher DR.  Maybe most of your work is done with stitches, and for you its working fine but I think you go too far to suggest that people who consider these new backs have missed considering that technique.  I see that statement as both myopic and arrogant.   
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: PeterA on May 18, 2011, 03:39:29 am
Finally!! megapixels earn their place in voodoo land alongside silver cables for audiophiles..

There is no scientific evidence to show any difference between a normal el cheapo (shielded) copper cable linking your amp to speaker - but those with "golden ears" can really hear the difference between cables.. btw - if you can't 'hear' the difference you (obviously) don't have a 'golden ear'...
now a new one in photography land...something 'special' about 80 megapixel 11x8 prints  versus prints from ordinary lesser megapixel backs..if you can't see the difference ..you (obviously) don't have the 'golden eyes'...
 :D

next move is blind ABX testing of teh phenomenon - and we have photogrphicaudiophilia ...yee haaa!
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: John R Smith on May 18, 2011, 04:40:54 am
It strikes me, from the limited amount of testing that I have done with my own MF DB versus prints made from DSLR cameras with a much lesser megapixel count, that -

If we have two prints at say 16x20 from two MF DBs, one say 40MP and the other 80MP printed at the same resolution say 360 ppi of the same subject and framing using the same lens at the same distance -

Then both pictures as prints have the same number of pixels in each dimension.

If we arrange the image size so that the 40MP back is printing at or close to its native resolution (no upsampling or downsampling) there will be no loss of quality.

But the 80MP back will be downsampling to fit the image to the paper and will be losing its quality potential, as pixels are being discarded.

Therefore the apparent quality of the 80 MP image will be greatly dependent on the software downsampling algorithm, and we could expect different subjective responses to the two prints depending the printing application in use.

It is most unlikely that any image quality advantage seen from the 80MP back could be attributed to its having more megapixels, because the printing process has thrown lots of them away and the two prints are exactly the same in this regard. So the 80MP cannot be resolving more detail in the print, for example.

If there is a difference, it will surely be due to other factors, such as the manufacturer of the sensor, Bayer array design, photosite design and density, ADCs, and the firmware. All of these could contribute to smoother, more subtle colour reproduction, for example. An interesting test would be to repeat the printing exercise in monochrome, using a straight grayscale conversion, and see if there is still a detectable difference then. If not, then it is the colour handling that is the key, not zillions of pixels.

I certainly don’t dispute that Michael and others are seeing a difference in same-size small prints, but to me it seems unlikely that this has much to do with megapixel count, if the 80MP is being downsampled. As soon as the 40MP has to be upsampled, though, for large prints, then of course the 80MP should run away with the victory.

John
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: hjulenissen on May 18, 2011, 04:41:13 am
Finally!! megapixels earn their place in voodoo land alongside silver cables for audiophiles..
I dont think that it can be dismissed as easily as expensive audiophile cables can. Making images is a creative/art process, meaning that anything is "legal", meaning that it is difficult to characterize a camera behaviour in such a way that the visibility of an increase in resolution can be dismissed as a blanket statement.

It is entirely thinkable that someone choose to crop a minute section of that large sensor. If there are any real differences in resolution, then they may be visible for that case. Compared with audiophile cables, there is no sensible scheme in which (for instance) the playback volume is raised by 100dB during completely silent parts of the recording, making otherwise inaudible noise audible.

-h
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: bcooter on May 18, 2011, 04:45:50 am
Making images is a creative/art process, meaning that anything is "legal",
-h

I'm not saying that some gigantic megapixel back doesn't serve a purpose, though I'd be really surprised if any buyer of photography at any level can really discern the difference between 40 and 80 megapixels.

Remember I said buyer of photography.

Regardless, most of the talk I read about need  vs. wanting a 80 something mega something back comes from landscape photographers which somewhat surprises me that they don't clamor for live view for focus, and more extension of iso for late night and dusk shooting, not the least to mention the ability to fine tune the sensor to each lens for focus. 

So many of these functions are offered in cameras at a 1/10th of the price and I would think as a group that seems focused (pun intended) on ultimate detail in their images, these missing attributes and rarely mentioned.

Anyway, I don't really do landscapes, everything I shoot is usually breathing or if it's static the camera is moving, so I'm more interested in equipment that more fits my needs, though a friend who is one of the best architectural photographers (and one of the busiest) shoots most of his work with a p45+ and a Canon 5d.

The one constant I do know since the start of digital capture is, if you want to know what Canon or Nikon will soon be offering, just look at medium format because they seem to announce double the pixels right before Canon introduces a new camera.

15 megapixel Canon, 30 megapixel Phase, 22 megapixel Canon, 40 megapixel Phase, so now that Phase and their new brand Leaf have 80 megapixels, I guess Canon will soon come out with 40 or 44 or something.

I don't hang many large prints, though in our LA facility have 5 approx 40 x 60 prints  in various rooms and during a lighting demonstration a _________ rep that sells a new line of HMI's and whose company still makes digital backs looked at one of the prints and said "wow great image, great detail, what did you shoot this with?". 

I replied the original canon 1ds and tungsten lighting.

IMO

BC


Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: hjulenissen on May 18, 2011, 05:17:45 am
I'm not saying that some gigantic megapixel back doesn't serve a purpose, though I'd be really surprised if any buyer of photography at any level can really discern the difference between 40 and 80 megapixels.
i think that one of the sources of confusion is that most people dont see the point in separating resolution from an unknown number of other variables. Comparing a 2011 80 MP camera to a 200* 30 MP camera may well give significant visual differences, but it is really hard to know if the MP count is significant.

Therefore I was suggesting comparing assumed "ideal" references, with the same reference taken through a controlled degradation process (downscaling, upscaling) where one knows exactly what is degraded before printing. It would be really interesting if people can spot the difference between a good 80 MP image printed at small sizes using really good printing, and the same where the quality was intentionally degraded to 20 megapixels.

Now, if one cannot spot the difference for that case, one could move on to other likely sources of difference in 80 vs 20 MP cameras. One candidate would be that a 20MP sampling system does not correspond ideally to a 80 MP sampling subsampled by ideal windowed sin(x)/x filters.

-h
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: Bart_van_der_Wolf on May 18, 2011, 05:46:40 am
Finally!! megapixels earn their place in voodoo land alongside silver cables for audiophiles..

There is no scientific evidence to show any difference between a normal el cheapo (shielded) copper cable linking your amp to speaker ...

Peter, that's an inaccurate statement that will not help your credibility.

There is scientific evidence with regard to the higher conductivity of certain types of Oxygen-free copper (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygen-free_copper). However, also scientifically demonstrated, the difference on the signal frequencies compared with common oxigen free labled copper wire is so small, that the effect is negligeable. The effects compared with no-oxigen free labled copper wire depends on the wire in question. Silver does have slightly (6% at 20 degrees Celsius) better conductivity characteristics, but is much more expensive. The conductivity of copper and silver is so high that its difference is likely to be unnoticeable in audio. Cable length of course amplifies the effects that are there.

So, there is scientific evidence, and there is a difference (albeit extremely small between oxigen free varieties).
If connectors are used, the quality of the connectors (and the shielding) can also impact the sound quality.

Cheers,
Bart
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: Bart_van_der_Wolf on May 18, 2011, 06:02:53 am
It strikes me, from the limited amount of testing that I have done with my own MF DB versus prints made from DSLR cameras with a much lesser megapixel count, that -

If we have two prints at say 16x20 from two MF DBs, one say 40MP and the other 80MP printed at the same resolution say 360 ppi of the same subject and framing using the same lens at the same distance -

Then both pictures as prints have the same number of pixels in each dimension.

Hi John,

There are benefits to printing at the native resolution of the printer, e.g. 720 ppi. One of the advantages is being able to sharpen after resampling (which is what the printer driver will do if you send it 360 ppi data).

Quote
Therefore the apparent quality of the 80 MP image will be greatly dependent on the software downsampling algorithm, and we could expect different subjective responses to the two prints depending the printing application in use.

Yes, I've been a long time advocate for proper (http://www.xs4all.nl/~bvdwolf/main/foto/down_sample/down_sample.htm) down-sampling. There are additional benefits to doing the resampling in linear gamma space.

Quote
It is most unlikely that any image quality advantage seen from the 80MP back could be attributed to its having more megapixels, because the printing process has thrown lots of them away and the two prints are exactly the same in this regard. So the 80MP cannot be resolving more detail in the print, for example.

You are forgetting that with denser sensor sampling, the combined resolution of a lens and sensor array is improved (as can be seen in its MTF curve). So the image we start with (before resampling) has a higher resolution. In addition it will have lower aliasing tendency (which in turn allows more sharpening), but that's an other issue.

Cheers,
Bart
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: hjulenissen on May 18, 2011, 06:18:05 am
There is scientific evidence with regard to the higher conductivity of certain types of Oxygen-free copper (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygen-free_copper). However, also scientifically demonstrated, the difference on the signal frequencies compared with common oxigen free labled copper wire is so small, that the effect is negligeable. The effects compared with no-oxigen free labled copper wire depends on the wire in question. Cable length of course amplifies the effects.

So, there is scientific evidence, and there is a difference (albeit extremely small between oxigen free varieties).
If connectors are used, the quality of the connectors (and the shielding) can also impact the sound quality.
I took the original poster as meaning implicitly scientific evidence of audible benefits of audiophile cables. In this context it is probably less interesting that two line level cables may measure differently in the MHz range, or that two digital images show there to be measurable differences in their chrominance. What IS interesting is that people are selling and buying cables costing the same as a used car without there (to my knowledge) ever having been published peer-reviewed, relevant research indicating that this has any influence whatsoever on what the listener actually hears (fondness bias excluded).

-k
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: John R Smith on May 18, 2011, 06:32:06 am
You are forgetting that with denser sensor sampling, the combined resolution of a lens and sensor array is improved (as can be seen in its MTF curve). So the image we start with (before resampling) has a higher resolution. In addition it will have lower aliasing tendency (which in turn allows more sharpening), but that's an other issue.

But surely one will only see this higher resolution and lower aliasing if all the pixels are present? Or are you saying that this is like audio, where if you record at 96 and then downsample to 48, you get a better result than recording at 48?

John
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: hjulenissen on May 18, 2011, 06:37:17 am
But surely one will only see this higher resolution and lower aliasing if all the pixels are present?
If you are downsampling using anything but insane methods, all of the source pixels will affect the output - "throwing away pixels" is not an accurate description.

Talking about a simple world here, where we always have a vast number of photons, etc. The downsampling method could be worse or better*) than switching to a lower resolution sampling grid in the first place, but I believe that it will usually be better.

An idealized monochrome 10 MP camera with no AA-filter, 100% pixel fill-rate and perfect lense should give an output similar to an equally idealized 40 MP camera where every 2x2 pixel have been averaged. That is a crude downsampling, software can do better (or the same, if you like).
Quote
Or are you saying that this is like audio, where if you record at 96 and then downsample to 48, you get a better result than recording at 48?

John
Is it? Audibly? Or is it just common/good practice to capture the possibly "once-in-a-lifetime" content using converters at their higheste advertised resolution?
-h
*)Talking about PSF/MTF here, not indirect consequences of having too small pixel sites etc
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: John R Smith on May 18, 2011, 06:49:28 am
If you are downsampling using anything but insane methods, all of the source pixels will affect the output - "throwing away pixels" is not an accurate description. The downsampling method could be worse or better than switching to a lower resolution sampling grid in the first place, but I believe that it will usually be better.

Aha. I don't understand the technicalities of downsampling, but if this is true for images, perhaps it might be true for audio as well. Both are in the digital domain, after all. So, perhaps the implication might be that for a given print size the more megapixels you start with the better, because even though downsampled it will look better than a lower megapixel back at native resolution? It's a bit hard to see that this could be true - after all, imagine an image composed of a grid array just 10x8 pixels. Would a 50MP image downsampled to that look better in some way? It's interesting, isn't it - how can we find out?

John
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: Gigi on May 18, 2011, 07:08:06 am
As long as this discussion is ranging, can we consider the  "1% of the time" when you need a high quality back. That's always been a curious statement. I agree with it, but 1% of what? Is it of the 500 shots that the CaNikon shooter might take in a day? Or 1% of the scenes you see - how many scenes do you see in a day? Do you see differently with different gear?

Using quality equipment is not readily correlated to use patterns. The relationship is not linear. Nor is it exponential.... In fact, as one gets more choosy (assuming this is a good thing) about ones work, or the images, the need for higher quality tools becomes greater. THe usefulness of the tools is more notable. Their purposefulness becomes clearer. They even (dare we say) become more appropriate.

But this matter is far from straightforward. The use of high quality tools has a funny way of becoming insidious: it loops around a bit, as one then begins  to find images that work with the higher quality tools and are not possible with lesser equipment. That's no longer an issue of the 1% category, that's a whole other matter entirely. Imagine that you have images that you could not have taken without the fancy tool. Is the tool now to be regarded as still fancy, or has it become essential now?

To make this even more complex, how many of us have had experience of walking away from the sophisticated tool syndrome, trying a Holga (or equal) and enjoying the release of a no-worry approach?  

The point is that as we look for rationalizations or even logic for improving our toolkit, I'd like to suggest  that the relationship between the work and tools is quite complex. Its not just budget, or the new gizmo, although those can be factors. Game changers like the IQ series will impact work flow and even to some degree the products of the photographer. MFDB lets me be the 4x5 photographer I had wanted to be but didn't seem to do. Maybe its the gear, maybe the time in one's life.

One goal can be then  to find the best equipment that will extend the envelope  without breaking the bank or adding too much complexity. Each their own.
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: Bart_van_der_Wolf on May 18, 2011, 07:35:19 am
As long as this discussion is ranging, can we consider the  "1% of the time" when you need a high quality back. That's always been a curious statement. I agree with it, but 1% of what? Is it of the 500 shots that the CaNikon shooter might take in a day? Or 1% of the scenes you see - how many scenes do you see in a day? Do you see differently with different gear?

Hi Geoffey,

I suppose that a significant part of the people who buy such high MP backs have more than a 1% of their assignments where the difference matters. Different horses ...

Cheers,
Bart
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: hjulenissen on May 18, 2011, 07:39:44 am
Aha. I don't understand the technicalities of downsampling, but if this is true for images, perhaps it might be true for audio as well. Both are in the digital domain, after all.
It is certainly true for audio, perhaps a little less so for photography.
Quote
So, perhaps the implication might be that for a given print size the more megapixels you start with the better, because even though downsampled it will look better than a lower megapixel back at native resolution? It's a bit hard to see that this could be true - after all, imagine an image composed of a grid array just 10x8 pixels. Would a 50MP image downsampled to that look better in some way? It's interesting, isn't it - how can we find out?
I believe that the 50MP would/could look a lot "better" when resampled to 10x8 pixels than a native 10x8 pixel sensor would on its own. Given, of course, that we did not have to worry about noise, dynamic range, storage cost/time, and all of those real-world hassles.

The 50MP image would give us a lot more information about how the scene "really was". This means that we can effectively delay the scene "gridding" (sampling to a pixel lattice) to a later point, perhaps sitting calm in front of [insert favorite image editor here] where we can try out different approaches and study their pros and cons side-by-side. Do you want an optical anti-aliasing filter or not? Both can be effectively be "simulated" when converting 50 MP to 10x8 pixels. Do you want to only convert the "blue" channel into a monochrome output with maximum amount of details? High-resolution sensor is the way. Do you want to simulate a native 10x8 pixel sensor? Find a suitable blurring kernel, and do NxM pixel averaging. Simulating the artifacts of Bayer at 10x8 is also possible, although more complex (and why would you?).

I do, however, believe that the importance of 50 MP over e.g. 25 MP is greatly exaggerated by many.

-h
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: Anders_HK on May 18, 2011, 08:05:46 am
Gents,

All respect but I believe you are a tad too focused on pixels. While 80MP can be a handy number, reality is that P1 generations of backs have gone 22MP, 30/39MP, 40/60MP to 80MP and Leaf generations 22MP, 28/33MP, 40/56MP to 80MP (sorry if I did not get the P1 correct). Thus we can expect there to soon be in likes of 100/120MP and after that NNN... etc...

So what? Some need the extra pixels, some do not. However the more interesting per say is what else there is? Having compared raw files from 56MP and 80MP Leaf backs to my mere 28MP;

Pixels aside, what I ultimately find most interesting with the IQ180 and Aptus/Afi-II 12 is the advancements that appear to be in image quality; there is finer gradation of color tones, broader dynamic range, improved color palette etc.

This thread with link was interesting http://www.luminous-landscape.com/forum/index.php?topic=54243.0  ;)

Regards
Anders
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: michael on May 18, 2011, 08:32:26 am
I think you missed my question. I agree with you that many, if not most, of the photographers on any short list of fine art landscape photographers for whom ultimate image quality is the end all/be all now use medium format backs, yet none of them, as far as I know, use technical cameras and lenses. This is true despite the fact that, at least in terms of theoretical resolution, as opposed to real world, what can you achieve in the field, sharpness, technical cameras and lenses are superior to medium format cameras and lenses. Why do you think that is? I read that you recently purchased an Alpa STC to use with a back. I will be curious to hear your views on whether you feel that the Alpa enhances or detracts from your ability to make compelling images.

Sorry about that.

I don't think that many use technical cameras. It comes down to a matter of personal style and experience as much as anything else. I come from a background of shooting with large format for landscape and nature and therefore am comfortable with a technical camera – it's demands and rewards. I have been frustrated over the past 5-8 years though by the limitations (mainly focusing) imposed when using MF backs on them.

It appears though that the combination of a back with Live View and Focus Mask, combined with top digital MF glass from Schneider and Rodenstock, plus the small size and light weight of a camera like the Alpa STC, works well for me.

Michael
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: michael on May 18, 2011, 08:36:50 am
Finally!! megapixels earn their place in voodoo land alongside silver cables for audiophiles..

There is no scientific evidence to show any difference between a normal el cheapo (shielded) copper cable linking your amp to speaker - but those with "golden ears" can really hear the difference between cables.. btw - if you can't 'hear' the difference you (obviously) don't have a 'golden ear'...
now a new one in photography land...something 'special' about 80 megapixel 11x8 prints  versus prints from ordinary lesser megapixel backs..if you can't see the difference ..you (obviously) don't have the 'golden eyes'...
 :D

next move is blind ABX testing of teh phenomenon - and we have photogrphicaudiophilia ...yee haaa!


Obviously you've never seen an 8X10" contact print. Obviously you've never seen an 11X17" print from an 80 Megapixel back. If you had you wouldn't be quite so snide in your comments.

It's easy to poke fun at things that we are not familiar with, isn't it?

Michael

Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: michael on May 18, 2011, 08:53:39 am
Some Facts About Printing High Resolution Image Files

Assuming that we are talking about the concrete and visible rather than the theoretical, there is indeed a lot to be gained by starting with higher resolution when printing, and this has nothing to do with what we call downsampling.

Printers don't output a one-to-one image, they use dithering. The dithering algorithms, whether in the printer's firmware or in a RIP, are very sophisticated. They produce a decent image with very low input resolution (as low as 180ppi), and the latest printers can take advantage of as much as 720ppi original files, and use the data effectively.

What this means is that a 40-50-60-80MP back is doing more than simply giving you more megapixels for big prints and cropping. It's also is of considerable value when making small prints.

Since I got back from Utah I've made some 24X36" prints from my IQ180 files and am very pleased with them. I have also made some 11X17" prints and am even more pleased, because they really do shine.

That's why the silver audio cable comment was rude, gratuitous, and know-nothing. This issue has nothing to do with "golden eyed" perception and everything to do with the simple realities of contemporary printer driver dithering.

Michael
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: ternst on May 18, 2011, 09:07:41 am
Count me as another landscape photographer (going on 36 years as a pro) who uses a tech camera - my Phase camera system has been gathering dust ever since I took delivery of an Alpa with those wonderful German lenses. It has not really slowed me down, and in some cases I can shoot faster than with the Phase camera. I always find it humorous when folks debate the merits of what someone else is buying - and then get into arguments about flea farts when another opinion is expressed that is opposite of theirs - who really cares - customers certainly do not. Buy and use what you want and go out and take pictures. I do understand that for many folks this sort of debate IS their hobby though and it is fun to be on a grand stage like Michael has provided, and so I guess that is OK...
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: hjulenissen on May 18, 2011, 09:09:12 am
Some Facts About Printing High Resolution Image Files

Assuming that we are talking about the concrete and visible rather than the theoretical, there is indeed a lot to be gained by starting with higher resolution when printing, and this has nothing to do with what we call downsampling.

Printers don't output a one-to-one image, they use dithering. The dithering algorithms, whether in the printer's firmware or in a RIP, are very sophisticated. They produce a decent image with very low input resolution (as low as 180ppi), and the latest printers can take advantage of as much as 720ppi original files, and use the data effectively.

What this means is that a 40-50-60-80MP back is doing more than simply giving you more megapixels for big prints and cropping. It's also is of considerable value when making small prints.

Since I got back from Utah I've made some 24X36" prints from my IQ180 files and am very pleased with them. I have also made some 11X17" prints and am even more pleased, because they really do shine.

That's why the silver audio cable comment was rude, gratuitous, and know-nothing. This issue has nothing to do with "golden eyed" perception and everything to do with the simple realities of contemporary printer driver dithering.

Michael
I agree that the comment you are referring to was not constructive.

Most of your post seems to be a theoretical explanation for why high MP counts are good, and thus you are doing the very same thing that you seem to critizise. The fact that dithering algorithms may accept 360 "dpi" as input or 720 or 1440 does in no way guarantee that the output will benefit from it in a measurable or perceivable way. The fact that you are pleased with high MP count cameras does not guarantee that it is the number of MP that make you satisfied about them.

I believe that it is commonly accepted that dithering is a method of trading resolution between the spatial domain ("dpi") and the amplitude domain ("gradations"). In general, the domains could be swapped (time for audio), but lets talk about photography. We have a high spatial resolution printer with low amplitude resolution, we want to trade it for a more balanced space/amplitude resolution. Therefore, a printer could very well be able to spit out patterns at 720dpi or some other high resolution, without necessitating (or even benefiting from) an input that whose resolution matched that. Then we get to the issue of real end-to-end resolution and human vision.

I believe that it is possible to make sensible tests that gives near conclusive results. One suggestion is to downsample/upsample a 80MP image, print both and view them side-by-side at a reasonable distance/size. How much can you downsample before the differences are visible? If you can downsample/upsample those 80 MP to 25 MP without being able to spot the difference for a given (hopefully relevant to you) setup, would not that indicate that an ideal 25 MP would be "enough" for that kind of setup? Dpi or MP or Nyquist or whatever does not really count in this context, what we are able to see and what we like is what counts. Those technical terms may help us analyzing perceptual results, but I think that in the end, what will be used for humans should be judged by humans.

-h
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: gazwas on May 18, 2011, 09:11:36 am
That's why the silver audio cable comment was rude, gratuitous, and know-nothing. This issue has nothing to do with "golden eyed" perception and everything to do with the simple realities of contemporary printer driver dithering.

While the silver audio cable comment was a little abrupt I do feel it has some truth.

I see a big difference between the files from my P65 and 1DsIII. I hear a big difference between the sound of my Michell turntable and iPod. However I do confess to have "Golden" eyes and ears because I'm looking/hearing for the differences and know what to look for.

Do my clients see a difference in my images or my wife hear a difference in the sound of my hi-fi..........?

I personally think not but I don't care because I do.
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: BillOConnor on May 18, 2011, 09:44:06 am
What is so different now than in the film days is there is no weight, size, susceptibility to wind, et al penalty for shooting with an 80 megapixel back over a 40. It seems to me, the conversation is a flashback to the old 4x5 vs. 8x10 arguments of yore except for the HUGE fact that, from 10 feet away, you can't tell if a photographer is using a 20 mp back or an 80. I'd be surprised if the 80 even weighed significantly more.
As for the cost difference, only the back costs more, everything else, camera(s), lenses (with a caveat here and there), tripod, cases, computer, printer, remain constant, so that the cost is not double to go from 40 to 80 mp, but more like 30 to 50% more. In the old days, that was not as bad as buying a Linhof Technika to replace your Wista Field. 
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: BernardLanguillier on May 18, 2011, 09:56:16 am
I use multishot backs for static scenes and repro, but I think you are vastly overestimating the percentage of work that can be stitched or captured with multishot for most photographers. Probably for those that shoot scenes that can be stitched, a scan back is a good idea too and a lot less money with higher DR.  Maybe most of your work is done with stitches, and for you its working fine but I think you go too far to suggest that people who consider these new backs have missed considering that technique.  I see that statement as both myopic and arrogant.   

I don't think you have read my comment correctly.

I am saying that people looking at the best possible image quality should stitch with their IQ180... for those images where this is an option.

Cheers,
Bernard
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: ErikKaffehr on May 18, 2011, 10:24:30 am
Hi,

Not an argument, but modern printers have very good native resolution, like 720 PPI on Epson's top models. So you don't need to print really large to see some benefits. The question is if the benefits are visible.

The other side of the coin is that it is very hard to produce comparable images, specially outside the "lab".

Best regards
Erik

Best regards
Erik

It strikes me, from the limited amount of testing that I have done with my own MF DB versus prints made from DSLR cameras with a much lesser megapixel count, that -

If we have two prints at say 16x20 from two MF DBs, one say 40MP and the other 80MP printed at the same resolution say 360 ppi of the same subject and framing using the same lens at the same distance -

Then both pictures as prints have the same number of pixels in each dimension.

If we arrange the image size so that the 40MP back is printing at or close to its native resolution (no upsampling or downsampling) there will be no loss of quality.

But the 80MP back will be downsampling to fit the image to the paper and will be losing its quality potential, as pixels are being discarded.

Therefore the apparent quality of the 80 MP image will be greatly dependent on the software downsampling algorithm, and we could expect different subjective responses to the two prints depending the printing application in use.

It is most unlikely that any image quality advantage seen from the 80MP back could be attributed to its having more megapixels, because the printing process has thrown lots of them away and the two prints are exactly the same in this regard. So the 80MP cannot be resolving more detail in the print, for example.

If there is a difference, it will surely be due to other factors, such as the manufacturer of the sensor, Bayer array design, photosite design and density, ADCs, and the firmware. All of these could contribute to smoother, more subtle colour reproduction, for example. An interesting test would be to repeat the printing exercise in monochrome, using a straight grayscale conversion, and see if there is still a detectable difference then. If not, then it is the colour handling that is the key, not zillions of pixels.

I certainly don’t dispute that Michael and others are seeing a difference in same-size small prints, but to me it seems unlikely that this has much to do with megapixel count, if the 80MP is being downsampled. As soon as the 40MP has to be upsampled, though, for large prints, then of course the 80MP should run away with the victory.

John

Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: cunim on May 18, 2011, 10:43:33 am
Some of us seem to be struggling with interactions between organic detectors and electronic signal sources.  Fascinating topic.  While it is true that very few people can hear the difference between amplifiers or preamplifiers with equivalent specs, it has been shown that experienced listeners can discriminate.  They can even distinguish (better than chance) one make/model of amplifier from another.  Clearly, there is more to the neurophysiology of music perception than the gear's simplest physical specifications can predict.

I would suggest that vision is similar.  Simple specs such as MP and SNR do not fully predict our responses.  These simple specs work to a point for everyone, but individual differences soon become decisive.  Most people are perfectly happy with web images downsampled from DSLR, but the trained perceiver is not.  He is capable of getting much more out of images - e.g "how well does this chip design respond to a noise reduction algorithm?"

In creating a market for subtly improved equipment one places initial samples in the hands of highly experienced individuals who can be relied upon to see the benefit right away.  They will reassure the rest of us that there is something to be gained there, once we train ourselves (and our clients) to see it.  Isn't it wonderful that we never stop learning?
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: John R Smith on May 18, 2011, 12:56:01 pm
Printing from LR to my Epson R2400, I can send a 10x8 print from my 39MP back at either 360 or 720 ppi, and the printer at highest output settings can deal with either without further resampling. But the difference between the prints is remarkably hard to see with the naked eye, even as close as you can focus. It is, however, clearly visible with an 8x loupe. In practice, I would not be able to tell between the two at normal viewing distance, which makes me wonder about what it is that Michael is seeing in his prints.

John
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: feppe on May 18, 2011, 01:38:18 pm
Printing from LR to my Epson R2400, I can send a 10x8 print from my 39MP back at either 360 or 720 ppi, and the printer at highestt output settings can deal with either without further resampling. But the difference between the prints is remarkably hard to see with the naked eye, even as close as you can focus. It is, however, clearly visible with an 8x loupe. In parctice, I would not be able to tell between the two at normal viewing distance, which makes me wonder about what it is that Michael is seeing in his prints.

Most likely placebo effect.

If anyone disagrees, I'll gladly change my POV if you setup a double-blind study - those are even rarer in photography circles than in audiophile circles.
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: John R Smith on May 18, 2011, 01:52:56 pm
Most likely placebo effect.

Well, I was not implying that at all. Michael has so much experience with a huge variety of cameras, DBs and printers that I respect his judgement. What interests me is exactly where the improvement in IQ at small print sizes is coming from, because you see I like to print small. And that so far has always been the limitation of digital printing compared with the wet darkroom - effective quality reduces the smaller that you print.

John
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: hjulenissen on May 18, 2011, 02:35:45 pm
...While it is true that very few people can hear the difference between amplifiers or preamplifiers with equivalent specs, it has been shown that experienced listeners can discriminate.  They can even distinguish (better than chance) one make/model of amplifier from another. 
Do you have references on this? I skim through some papers on such topics, but have never seen any supporting your claims.
Quote
Simple specs such as MP and SNR do not fully predict our responses.
Agreed
Quote
In creating a market for subtly improved equipment one places initial samples in the hands of highly experienced individuals who can be relied upon to see the benefit right away.  They will reassure the rest of us that there is something to be gained there, once we train ourselves (and our clients) to see it.  Isn't it wonderful that we never stop learning?
That would be the positive view. The negative would be that cynical sales-people use the gifted few to push their equipment, knowing that we less gifted tend to believe that "if only we make one more purchase", we will be able to make art like this or that person.

Perhaps both the positive and the negative view can be partially right.

-h
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: hjulenissen on May 18, 2011, 02:41:04 pm
Well, I was not implying that at all. Michael has so much experience with a huge variety of cameras, DBs and printers that I respect his judgement.
Professional medical doctors and professional musicians are prone to the placebo effect. Not because they lack experience or sound judgement, but because all humans are prone to these things. If you _really_ want to know if a wine is different from another, then you need to do some blind testing now matter how experienced you are. Luckily, most of us seldomly really need to know, because life goes on even if we are wrong.

If I chose the "wrong" camera, nothing really bad would happen. I would continue making my humble pictures, enjoy the process of making them and the end-result, never knowing that "brand Y" was, perhaps, slightly better for my perception and use-case.

-h
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: E_Edwards on May 18, 2011, 03:24:09 pm
I've recently been testing several camera backs and with every new camera I tested, I was convinced that the quality was better than my existing back.

It was only at the end of these tests when I compared the resulting tests against my own, that I concluded that there was little or no difference, either positive or negative between various camera backs. This was reinforced when I showed files to other people without telling them which one was supposed to be better, and the answers were not necessarily the same. They were all too close to call.

Yes, big files are nice to see, and they help when printing large sizes. But for many people they are overkill.
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: cunim on May 18, 2011, 05:08:07 pm
Do you have references on this? I skim through some papers on such topics, but have never seen any supporting your claims.AgreedThat would be the positive view. The negative would be that cynical sales-people use the gifted few to push their equipment, knowing that we less gifted tend to believe that "if only we make one more purchase", we will be able to make art like this or that person.

Perhaps both the positive and the negative view can be partially right.

-h

Some years ago (about 20) one of the audio publications got together a sample of equipment reviewers and another of unsophisticated listeners.  The methodology was sloppy (single blind, a,b,c comparisons I think) but better than it might have been.  The reviewers - but not the listeners - were able to detect particular makes of amplifier by their sonic characteristics.  Not every time but the effect was significant.  This was a learned skill but not a difficult one.  I could do the same at one point.  Sorry, but I can't remember where this was published.  The only reason I mention it is as an example of how our perceptual skills can sometimes outstrip our ability to define quality parameters.  There is a place for pbservation as opposed to controlled studies.

There is nothing cynical about marketing using what the Japanese call "opinion leaders".  It works, and nothing is being hidden.  We are free to ignore any expert who lacks a history that ties in with our own experiences.  In audio, I tend to do that because I just can't seem to replicate many of the expert observations - hearing quality differences between cables for example.  I am better off ignoring the pundits.  In photography, in contrast, I have learned to see more than I used to and many of the things I see correspond to what experienced MF users observe.  OK, so I choose to pay attention.

Of course an upgrade doesn't matter if you can't detect a benefit.  Ignorance is bliss and sure does save money.  I use relatively cheap audio cables because I can't hear a quality difference.  I use LF and MF cameras because I can see one.  Do I think Michael or Mark are reporting real properties of the IQ180?  Probably. Do we have a set of defining parameters for those properties?  Not at this point and I doubt we will any time soon.  Does the whole thing matter to me?  I'll use all relevant data if it does.

Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: LKaven on May 18, 2011, 05:38:44 pm
Do you have references on this? I skim through some papers on such topics, but have never seen any supporting your claims.
-h
Differences in microphone preamplifiers are dramatic in tone and color.  As a recording engineer, the differences are stark.  Differences in power amplifiers are apparent too.  A box full of TL072 opamps in a certain topology have a warm sound that is kind of smeary in phase, producing an appealing warm sound, though not antiseptically clean.  Think "British sound" as in Trident and Toft desks; think OK Computer.  These things are not subtle.  But all this is worlds away from the snake oil that gets sold in the form of pyramids, green magic markers, and rare-earth interconnects.  Some people just have money to throw away on fantasies.  Recording engineers don't have that kind of money.
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: michael on May 18, 2011, 06:22:23 pm
Printing from LR to my Epson R2400, I can send a 10x8 print from my 39MP back at either 360 or 720 ppi, and the printer at highest output settings can deal with either without further resampling. But the difference between the prints is remarkably hard to see with the naked eye, even as close as you can focus. It is, however, clearly visible with an 8x loupe. In practice, I would not be able to tell between the two at normal viewing distance, which makes me wonder about what it is that Michael is seeing in his prints.

John

Try this with one of the more recent generation printers such as the R3000 or one of the X900 series printers. You may be surprised at what you see.

Michael
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: PeterA on May 18, 2011, 09:32:03 pm
Obviously you've never seen an 8X10" contact print. Obviously you've never seen an 11X17" print from an 80 Megapixel back. If you had you wouldn't be quite so snide in your comments.

It's easy to poke fun at things that we are not familiar with, isn't it?

Michael



Michael you are making strong assumptions about what I have seen, printed, shot with and compared...When I buy an IQ 180 it wont be because I expect to see a printed difference on an 8x11 print compared to what I get from the 40 megapixel backs I shoot with now - and dare I say it even from a sub 20 megapixel camera like my M9! I will buy an IQ 180 to put on the back of my Alpa gear because the UI of the IQ series backs is a game changer for me - the value add wont be in 8x11 print quality it will be from focus mask, levelling and compositonal advantages that come from the UI a swell as teh benefit of being able to use just one raw processor instead of teh three or four I have to contend with now..

As for golden ears - I think the blind tests conducted with these golden eared experts consistently prove what shameless liars they are...lets not confuse the sonic 'singature' of this versus that amplifier - with audio quality from different cables...sound signatures are indicative of poor quality component - for anyone who prefers to hear as close as possible what was recorded.

I am happy you have discovered Alpa Michael - I look forward to hearing your view on how good the outer pixel performance of the IQ180 is...something doesnt have to be mystical or even perfect to be a useful improvement and teh IQ series backs will make my use of Alpa even more fun and simple than it already is.

Cheers
Pete
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: Martin Kristiansen on May 19, 2011, 02:03:06 am
I am another user of DB on technical cameras. In my case a cambo Ultima with a Leaf Aptus12 R. I dont mind the weight of the rig, even when on long walks and I love the process of using the camera. 80 MP or 33 MP backs all weigh the same but there is a big difference in quality. It is not always needed but when it is it is important.

There is of course more to it than MP. It is a bit like engine capacity. My 4X4 has a bigger engine than a F1 racing car but it sure does not produce anything like the power. Then there is usability of the new backs. The ability to rotate the chip and the flip up LCD make a bigger difference than you would think.

Fortunately my expensive photographic habit is financed by my busy catalogue studio. I dont suppose I would spend all the money on MFDB's if I didn't have the studio to fund them. 
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: amsp on May 19, 2011, 04:44:19 am
There are those who spend their lives listening to the sound system rather than the music. There are those who spend their lives looking at image qualities rather than images.

amen
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: stewarthemley on May 19, 2011, 05:58:29 am
I think there's a Nikon/Canon effect here. For a while Nikon is top dog, then Canon reply and ease ahead. Then N bounce back...

Right now, Phase backs are better than Hass because of their usability (can't comment on image quality as I have yet to test the IQ180). Until the IQ range was released, H was the innovator (eg, better screen, True Focus which is really useful for many situations). Perhaps H will counter soon with equally enticing features. I agree that if they don't then they might be in trouble. Right now, I'd be hard pushed to make a choice. As good as the IQ range seems, the Phamiya body is manifestly not in the same league as the H4. Glass, near as  dammit, about the same.

Having changed systems too many times in the past, and taking into account the ever increasing cost vs ever decreasing budgets, I would imagine that for most people the most cost-effective approach is to use the cheapest system that does the job, keeps clients happy and that you can tolerate, and not simply chase the latest release.
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: Erick Boileau on May 19, 2011, 06:31:03 am
let's compare two A2 prints, one with a IQ 180 and one with a fuji X100  (or any good 35mm)  ... nobody will ever see any difference
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: hubell on May 19, 2011, 08:18:26 am
Count me as another landscape photographer (going on 36 years as a pro) who uses a tech camera - my Phase camera system has been gathering dust ever since I took delivery of an Alpa with those wonderful German lenses. It has not really slowed me down, and in some cases I can shoot faster than with the Phase camera.

The choice of tools to make photographs, like most choices in life, comes down to weighing the plusses and minuses for you and your way of working. I have to assume that the reason why the very top fine art landscape photographers do not use tech cameras is that, for them, the the negatives in terms of making the best images outweigh the positives. These are individuals who come from a large format film background, so I am sure the issues of speed/convenience and the cost of  a tech camera are simply not relevant. OTOH, the lack of an optical viewfinder (or useful groundglass) allowing for precise composition is, IMO, a significant issue when you shoot a tech camera untethered. A key part of composing an image is making effective use of the full canvas captured by the sensor. Another issue is the difficulty of achieving  accurate focusing with a tech camera. Finally, related to the first issue but still distinct is being able to see through the lens, so you have a real time sense of the perspective of the image as captured by the lens. The wide or longer the lens, the bigger the deal this is, because it is quite difficult to really "see" the same way that a wide lens like a 24HR "sees" the world. (I know I cannot.) It will be interesting to see whether the IQ series of backs helps to overcome these disadvantages. Michael R. is using an IQ180 with his new Alpa.
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: Christoph C. Feldhaim on May 19, 2011, 09:11:07 am
There are people who switched  from LF to Digital and who are happy.
There are people did not switch from LF to Digital and who are happy.
Good for both of them.
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: hjulenissen on May 19, 2011, 09:32:19 am
...Differences in power amplifiers are apparent too.  ...These things are not subtle. 
They are subtle enough that it is very hard to distinguish in a proper blind-test where level differences and differences in frequency response are taken care of, and where one use statistics to analyze results.
Quote
But all this is worlds away from the snake oil that gets sold in the form of pyramids, green magic markers, and rare-earth interconnects.  Some people just have money to throw away on fantasies.  Recording engineers don't have that kind of money.
That is good to hear.

-h
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: hjulenissen on May 19, 2011, 09:41:31 am
Do you have references on this? I skim through some papers on such topics, but have never seen any supporting your claims.
Some years ago (about 20) one of the audio publications got together a sample of equipment reviewers and another of unsophisticated listeners.  
I take that as a "no"?
Quote
The methodology was sloppy (single blind, a,b,c comparisons I think) but better than it might have been.  
I have never heard of a,b,c tests. Do you mean ABX?
Quote
The reviewers - but not the listeners - were able to detect particular makes of amplifier by their sonic characteristics.  Not every time but the effect was significant.
Significant as in "chance would have been 50% right, they got 51% right"? Or significant as in "the achieved results would have occured by chance alone in 5% or 1% of the cases"?
Quote
This was a learned skill but not a difficult one.  I could do the same at one point.  Sorry, but I can't remember where this was published.  The only reason I mention it is as an example of how our perceptual skills can sometimes outstrip our ability to define quality parameters.  There is a place for pbservation as opposed to controlled studies.
I dont understand what you are saying here. I think that to really find out how the world works, one has to use great care when studying it. Testing human response to audiophile cables or image quality is really hard because we tend to think that stuff sounds/looks different when it really is not, tend to prefer "favourite" brands and technology etc.
Quote
There is nothing cynical about marketing using what the Japanese call "opinion leaders".  It works, and nothing is being hidden.  We are free to ignore any expert who lacks a history that ties in with our own experiences.  In audio, I tend to do that because I just can't seem to replicate many of the expert observations - hearing quality differences between cables for example.  I am better off ignoring the pundits.  In photography, in contrast, I have learned to see more than I used to and many of the things I see correspond to what experienced MF users observe.  OK, so I choose to pay attention.
If those "opinion leaders" get free stash, money, publicity or something in return for their endorsement, while leading the public to believe that they are not, then I call it cynical. I think that all marketing is to some degree cynical, as it (usually) is about misleading buyers from taking informed, rational choices.

I do agree that one can learn to appreciate qualities (to some degree) that one may not see in the first place, and that "experts" may be able to teach you this. In blind tests it is common to do initial training to make the panel aware of the kind of differences that the test tries to reveal.

-h
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: cunim on May 19, 2011, 10:22:17 am
I take that as a "no"?I have never heard of a,b,c tests. Do you mean ABX?
Hard to remember but I do not believe they used ABX.  I think it was just "Here are three amps.  Which one is Audio Research?"

Significant as in "chance would have been 50% right, they got 51% right"? Or significant as in "the achieved results would have occured by chance alone in 5% or 1% of the cases"?
Again, don't remember and I don't think they reported p values.  The results were fairly gross - e.g. 90% on some units.  This is easy to do.  Various makes have different sounds because they use different circuit topologies.  Yes it gets much harder to discriminate when you equalize but it is not just a matter of frequency response.  Really, none of this is relevant in a photography forum.

I think that to really find out how the world works, one has to use great care when studying it.
Absolutely, but let's respect the observational abilities of some people.  Surveys can tell us a lot without attibuting causality, and a subjective review is a type of survey.

Testing human response to audiophile cables or image quality is really hard because we tend to think that stuff sounds/looks different when it really is not, tend to prefer "favourite" brands and technology etc.  
Agreed.  I would love to see psychophysical data regarding the discriminating power of the measurements we have available (e.g. SNR).  Would make a great thesis for someone.  However, most experienced photographers could care less.  They know what they are looking for.

I do agree that one can learn to appreciate qualities (to some degree) that one may not see in the first place, and that "experts" may be able to teach you this.
Glad that we agree on the main point.  Note that I do not suggest that experts teach us how to see these qualities.  They just tell us they are there.  We learn to see them on our own.


Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: michael on May 19, 2011, 10:26:48 am
let's compare two A2 prints, one with a IQ 180 and one with a fuji X100  (or any good 35mm)  ... nobody will ever see any difference


Really? Ya think so?

Looks like you have obliterated the entire medium format industry in a single sentence.

Nice.

Michael
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: David Watson on May 19, 2011, 10:32:44 am
There are those who spend their lives listening to the sound system rather than the music. There are those who spend their lives looking at image qualities rather than images.

well said!
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: David Watson on May 19, 2011, 10:37:11 am
let's compare two A2 prints, one with a IQ 180 and one with a fuji X100  (or any good 35mm)  ... nobody will ever see any difference


Possibly, or probably for most non-photographers, but, and it is a big but, is the difference worth something in excess of $40,000 (excluding the cost of the camera body and lenses) and furthermore would the client pay for it?
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: hjulenissen on May 19, 2011, 10:39:35 am
well said!
Since this subforum is entitled "equipment and techniques", I am not surprised to find posts about equipment here...

A few great artists haven't got a clue about the technology that enable their art. A number of great artists (not only photographers) have gone to great lengths to master the technology that they found relevant to their art. A great number of non-artists have spent wast amounts of time thinking and discussing technology without being able to produce art that others found worthy. I have no problem with either.

-h
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: hjulenissen on May 19, 2011, 10:41:29 am
Possibly, or probably for most non-photographers, but, and it is a big but, is the difference worth something in excess of $40,000 (excluding the cost of the camera body and lenses) and furthermore would the client pay for it?
First one should establish that there is a perceivable difference, under what circumstances people are able to perceive it, and if it is a positive or negative. Then one could try to estimate what it is worth, but that is likely to be extremely individual, as some people have more money than others, or prioritize differently.

What if the client is irrational, demanding 200 MP files even if he cannot perceive a difference from 30 MP ones?

-h
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: Guy Mancuso on May 19, 2011, 11:54:25 am
First one should establish that there is a perceivable difference, under what circumstances people are able to perceive it, and if it is a positive or negative. Then one could try to estimate what it is worth, but that is likely to be extremely individual, as some people have more money than others, or prioritize differently.

What if the client is irrational, demanding 200 MP files even if he cannot perceive a difference from 30 MP ones?

-h

Sorry had to butt in. As a commercial shooter , give what your client wants or eat rice for dinner. Even if there wrong. Certainly like many of us do we educate our clients but fact is many love the fact your showing up with a race horse than a jackass. My clients love my 40 mpx and soon they will get 60mpx. Too much , who cares its our marketing points to sell ourselves. This is a business and to grow our business we need not only talent but we need technology that also helps us grow. How much these things cost is a relative term , its how much we get on our return is what counts and also what WE want to shoot. It's my art too and i want the best . I have tested the IQ 180 twice and shot the production version as well. It's state of the art and it works for me. The rest is meaningless to be honest. I have a Epson 7900 and the prints are amazing
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: Erick Boileau on May 19, 2011, 12:16:33 pm
Really? Ya think so?

Looks like you have obliterated the entire medium format industry in a single sentence.

Nice.

Michael
if you are happy with it

but of course A2 will be the same  with a Nikon D3X and a IQ 180

Possibly, or probably for most non-photographers
even for photographers
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: michael on May 19, 2011, 12:25:21 pm

but of course A2 will be the same  with a Nikon D3X and a IQ 180
even for photographers


But of course! Why would I doubt the evidence of my own eyes and experience over your clearly superior knowledge?

I simply have to accept that I have been living with an illusion. I'll sell my IQ80 first chance that I can find a sucker ( err customer) to take it off my hands.

Michael
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: Erick Boileau on May 19, 2011, 12:28:27 pm
But of course! Why would I doubt the evidence of my own eyes and experience over your clearly superior knowledge?

I simply have to accept that I have been living with an illusion. I'll sell my IQ80 first chance that I can find a sucker ( err customer) to take it off my hands.

Michael
I remember very well your half-kidding  review : G10 / P45+   prints --> http://luminous-landscape.com/reviews/kidding.shtml

But, where the rubber meets the road (or more to the point where the ink hits the paper), in medium sized prints it's been almost impossible for experienced photographers who I've shown these comparison prints to to tell the difference. Scary.

I have not a superior knowledge just a P45 and a 5D mark II and an Epson 3880  and  I prefer the P45
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: michael on May 19, 2011, 12:30:54 pm
Guy,

Sorry my friend but you and I and the tens of thousands of pros around that world that are shooting with MF backs have to accept that fact that we are delusional. A D3x ( maybe even just an X100) is all we really need.

No one can see the difference between an 80MP MF back and a 24MP Nikon. Not anyone, not nohow. The Emperor is truly naked.

Michael
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: Erick Boileau on May 19, 2011, 12:33:15 pm
Guy,

Sorry my friend but you and I and the tens of thousands of pros around that world that are shooting with MF backs have to accept that fact that we are delusional. A D3x ( maybe even just an X100) is all we really need.

-->  http://luminous-landscape.com/reviews/kidding.shtml

But, where the rubber meets the road (or more to the point where the ink hits the paper), in medium sized prints it's been almost impossible for experienced photographers who I've shown these comparison prints to to tell the difference. Scary.  

No one can see the difference between an 80MP MF back and a 24MP Nikon. Not anyone, not nohow. The Emperor is truly naked.
I said A2   dont change my words  please
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: BlasR on May 19, 2011, 12:41:34 pm
I remember very well your half-kidding  review : G10 / P45+   prints --> http://luminous-landscape.com/reviews/kidding.shtml

But, where the rubber meets the road (or more to the point where the ink hits the paper), in medium sized prints it's been almost impossible for experienced photographers who I've shown these comparison prints to to tell the difference. Scary.

I have not a superior knowledge just a P45 and a 5D mark II and an Epson 3880  and  I prefer the P45



THAT WAS October, 2008.  We are almost 2011 :-* :-*
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: Guy Mancuso on May 19, 2011, 12:42:27 pm
Guy,

Sorry my friend but you and I and the tens of thousands of pros around that world that are shooting with MF backs have to accept that fact that we are delusional. A D3x ( maybe even just an X100) is all we really need.

No one can see the difference between an 80MP MF back and a 24MP Nikon. Not anyone, not nohow. The Emperor is truly naked.

Michael

I know Michael. I guess the bigger is better is just not cutting it. Seriously folks I agree here since we both have shot these a lot already along with Mark and Jack we are just not that freaking nuts. There is a nice difference in this 180 back that i think the 4 of us can completely agree is very special in LOOK. As we all have come from other backs it seems to me as we have kept going to smaller microns the backs have improved both in DR and color response with a much smoother tonal range. The look is very nice and for me I am going for the IQ 160 since i need the speed of back more than us 4 since i do more commercial work that requires speed and also sensor plus. I will say it does pain me a little with my choice since i would rather have this new sensor but the IQ 160 is my balance point and will go with that. Not sure why folks always question this stuff, we are NOT lying to you we see something special in this back and we are just giving you all the data points. Admittedly we do love these backs but we are also trying like hell not to be fanboys either. It's hard when you are looking at something completely revolutionary in the IQ 180.

I never seen and i will just call it the whole LCD integration is the absolute best in the business and go to your local dealer and hold one in your hand is all I can say than you just might get it.

Folks I am not trying to be snide here either. I am spending a load of money here just like the next guy and my neck is on the line with my clients and I will never risk that with inferior product. Also you need to realize we 4 all teach photography so we can't be that lame. LOL
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: LKaven on May 19, 2011, 12:57:53 pm
let's compare two A2 prints, one with a IQ 180 and one with a fuji X100  (or any good 35mm)  ... nobody will ever see any difference

One thing you get from a high pixel-count camera, as others around here know well, is an increase in detail retained after downsampling.  A native 12MP capture is a very different thing from a 24.5 (or 40 or 60 or 80) MP capture /downsampled/ to 12MP.  There is a level of fine detail up near the Nyquist limit for 12MP sampling that is retained after downsampling a high MP capture, that simply doesn't exist in the native 12MP capture.

I always go back to one of Lloyd Chambers' tests.  He shot the label of a soup can with a D3 and a D3x, then downsampled the D3x output to 12MP and compared 100% crops.  The text was smooth and rounded on the downsampled D3x capture, and fragmented on the native 12MP D3 capture.  This reflects high-frequency detail that was -- more or less -- lost in the native 12MP D3 capture. 
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: John R Smith on May 19, 2011, 02:02:20 pm
I always go back to one of Lloyd Chambers' tests.  He shot the label of a soup can with a D3 and a D3x, then downsampled the D3x output to 12MP and compared 100% crops.  The text was smooth and rounded on the downsampled D3x capture, and fragmented on the native 12MP D3 capture.  This reflects high-frequency detail that was -- more or less -- lost in the native 12MP D3 capture. 

So you do get better detail in smaller prints with a downsampled image. That was what I was questioning, and what I wanted to know. Which would completely explain why Michael, Guy and others are seeing a difference at small print sizes.

John
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: dchew on May 19, 2011, 02:17:33 pm
Howard,
Actually, I believe it is easier to achieve accurate focus on a tech camera vs. a MFDSLR.  It is very much easier to get "pretty darn close" with a MFDSLR.  For example, On a Phase DF camera, switch to autofocus and let it do its thing. Or better yet, switch to manual focus and watch the focus arrows in the display. This gets you as close as the AF system can do (and/or as good as my eyes can see through the viewfinder).  However, a calibrated system like an Arca or Alpa along with a distometer is more accurate in my experience.  One of the main reasons is the amount of rotation it takes to make small changes in focus.  Arca is the extreme case, where you turn until your wrist is tired! 

At a recent PODAS event, many of the other participants made comments about how sharp and accurate my images were compared to what they were seeing.  I believe this is because of the focus process.  The first day I used the Phase DF issued to all of us.  Those images were inconsistent in regards to sharpness, yet all at similar apertures and ISOs.  I think the Phase camera is pretty darn good, but I have yet to find a camera that can autofocus as well as a precise manual process.

Of course for focusing, neither is as good as real live-view.  On my 5DII, I can see what almost looks like moire on the back LCD when it is focused just right at 10x in live-view.  So far that is the only system in which I feel confident I am getting everything the system has to offer.  Again, in my experience, this is significantly more accurate than letting the camera auto focus.  Especially with wide-angle lenses.

Dave

The choice of tools to make photographs, like most choices in life, comes down to weighing the plusses and minuses for you and your way of working. I have to assume that the reason why the very top fine art landscape photographers do not use tech cameras is that, for them, the the negatives in terms of making the best images outweigh the positives. These are individuals who come from a large format film background, so I am sure the issues of speed/convenience and the cost of  a tech camera are simply not relevant. OTOH, the lack of an optical viewfinder (or useful groundglass) allowing for precise composition is, IMO, a significant issue when you shoot a tech camera untethered. A key part of composing an image is making effective use of the full canvas captured by the sensor. Another issue is the difficulty of achieving  accurate focusing with a tech camera. Finally, related to the first issue but still distinct is being able to see through the lens, so you have a real time sense of the perspective of the image as captured by the lens. The wide or longer the lens, the bigger the deal this is, because it is quite difficult to really "see" the same way that a wide lens like a 24HR "sees" the world. (I know I cannot.) It will be interesting to see whether the IQ series of backs helps to overcome these disadvantages. Michael R. is using an IQ180 with his new Alpa.

Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: hjulenissen on May 19, 2011, 02:50:26 pm
One thing you get from a high pixel-count camera, as others around here know well, is an increase in detail retained after downsampling.  A native 12MP capture is a very different thing from a 24.5 (or 40 or 60 or 80) MP capture /downsampled/ to 12MP.  There is a level of fine detail up near the Nyquist limit for 12MP sampling that is retained after downsampling a high MP capture, that simply doesn't exist in the native 12MP capture.  
I dont understand this line of reasoning. A 12 MP camera is going to have some spatial resolution, and a 80 MP camera is going to have some spatial resolution. Both will have less resolution than a hypothetical Nyquist-only limited 12/80 MP camera, so what? What matters is the real, observed spatial resolution.

Neither your display not your printer is probably going to be precisely 12 MP or 80 MP, and when you change camera you dont want to change everything else. So you might as well go for a camera having the highest possible resolution you are willing to pay form(or one that is comfortably higher than the weakest link from scene to perception of reproduction), that will be a good starting point for resampling to whatever the outputdevice is capable of.

-h
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: LKaven on May 19, 2011, 02:54:51 pm
I dont understand this line of reasoning. A 12 MP camera is going to have some spatial resolution, and a 80 MP camera is going to have some spatial resolution. Both will have less resolution than a hypothetical Nyquist-only limited 12/80 MP camera, so what? What matters is the real, observed spatial resolution.

I apologize, but I can't make sense out of this question as stated.  I don't know what "hypothetical Nyquist-only limited 12/80 MP camera" means.

[PS - I see now you edited this reply while I was posting mine, but I still can't understand the question.]
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: vjbelle on May 19, 2011, 04:41:12 pm
let's compare two A2 prints, one with a IQ 180 and one with a fuji X100  (or any good 35mm)  ... nobody will ever see any difference


You are kidding...... Right?? :o
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: Erick Boileau on May 19, 2011, 04:46:52 pm
You are kidding...... Right?? :o
for A2 prints and Nikon D3x vs IQ 180 ? no not at all
but you know it by your own  I guess
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: hjulenissen on May 19, 2011, 04:56:23 pm
I apologize, but I can't make sense out of this question as stated.  I don't know what "hypothetical Nyquist-only limited 12/80 MP camera" means.

[PS - I see now you edited this reply while I was posting mine, but I still can't understand the question.]
I was talking about this statement:
One thing you get from a high pixel-count camera, as others around here know well, is an increase in detail retained after downsampling.  A native 12MP capture is a very different thing from a 24.5 (or 40 or 60 or 80) MP capture /downsampled/ to 12MP.  There is a level of fine detail up near the Nyquist limit for 12MP sampling that is retained after downsampling a high MP capture, that simply doesn't exist in the native 12MP capture.  
Everything else equal, a 80 MP camera could/should record more details than a 12 MP camera. Given that you are not limited by optics, camera movement, etc. Are you saying anything else than the statement "80 > 12"? If so, what is it that you are saying?

-h
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: EricWHiss on May 19, 2011, 05:05:29 pm
There are those who spend their lives listening to the sound system rather than the music. There are those who spend their lives looking at image qualities rather than images.

It's definitely a great sound bite, and words to contemplate because we all get caught up in the new gear too much sometimes, but remember there are those that make their livings designing and producing and selling sound and imaging equipment whose job it is to pay attention to those details.  Probably / hopefully a lot of the folks in the hardware and software design (and not just sales) are participating in these forums.  And in any case I think it does not take away from your ability to shoot a beautiful image by knowing how your tools work, where their strengths and weaknesses are. 
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: LKaven on May 19, 2011, 05:16:36 pm
I was talking about this statement:Everything else equal, a 80 MP camera could/should record more details than a 12 MP camera. Given that you are not limited by optics, camera movement, etc. Are you saying anything else than the statement "80 > 12"? If so, what is it that you are saying?

I'm saying that if you take an 80MP capture /and downsample it to 12MP/, that there will be a level of detail preserved that is not reflected in a native 12MP capture.  We're comparing two 12MP images in this case - one derived from downsampling, and the other not.  So I am not just saying that 80 > 12 here.

The extra level of detail will be high frequency information appearing near the Nyquist frequency of the 12MP capture.  The loss is occurring around where the slope of the AA filter on the 12MP camera kicks in.  The "more or less" that I referred to involves the extent to which detail in the native 12MP capture might be reconstructed using, for example, deconvolution.
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: hjulenissen on May 19, 2011, 05:24:10 pm
I'm saying that if you take an 80MP capture /and downsample it to 12MP/, that there will be a level of detail preserved that is not reflected in a native 12MP capture.  We're comparing two 12MP images in this case - one derived from downsampling, and the other not.  So I am not just saying that 80 > 12 here.

The extra level of detail will be high frequency information appearing near the Nyquist frequency of the 12MP capture.  The loss is occurring around where the slope of the AA filter on the 12MP camera kicks in.  The "more or less" that I referred to involves the extent to which detail in the native 12MP capture might be reconstructed using, for example, deconvolution.
But the "12MP" number is entirely arbitrary. You dont have a fixed-pitch 12 MP display or printer? The reason is that a 12 MP camera does not have the resolution of a hypothetical mental model of a "12 MP" camera that we have in our heads but that have never been physically realized. Once you are able to get rid of that model of how a 12 MP camera should have looked, and rather focus on how it actually works, then you are able to focus on what matters.

The important thing (?) is how stuff really end up looking on screen or on paper. A 80 MP camera could ideally have more details when rendered to some final format than a 12 MP camera. That is all that counts, is it not? The reason why it can, is that 80 > 12. To make things easier, we could call the 12 MP a "oomphaloomph", and the 80 MP a "dingalong". dingalong >= oomphaloomph... :-D The nitty-grittys that limit camera performance (AA etc) affect both the 12 MP and the 80 MP model. One could say that a 200 Gigapixel sensor was not enough because its AA filters and Bayer sensor limited it to a measly 150 Gigapixel equivalent resolution, but so what? As long as it had no perceivable and/or measurable benefits over last years 100 Gigapixel sensor (that was "really" a 75 Gigapixel sensor), who cares?

The Bayer sensor layout, a LCD monitor r-g-b stripes and an inkjet all have different technologies for giving a perceived color image with spatial details. The conversion from one to the other is non-trivial.

-h
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: LKaven on May 19, 2011, 05:57:38 pm
[...] The important thing (?) is how stuff really end up looking on screen or on paper. A 80 MP camera could ideally have more details when rendered to some final format than a 12 MP camera. That is all that counts, is it not? The reason why it can, is that 80 > 12. [...]

I can't tell if you are disagreeing with me or not.  It is more complicated than 80 > 12 as I indicated.
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: Jack Flesher on May 19, 2011, 06:08:49 pm
I know Michael. I guess the bigger is better is just not cutting it. Seriously folks I agree here since we both have shot these a lot already along with Mark and Jack we are just not that freaking nuts. There is a nice difference in this 180 back that i think the 4 of us can completely agree is very special in LOOK.

I think you guys are the nuts for still banging heads with the DXO/D3X zealots that come out of the woodwork everytime a new MF DB (that the four of us happen to like) is released. :D
 
 
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: kers on May 19, 2011, 06:32:54 pm
My idea for choosing a camera is the subject- what i want to achieve/show- in the endresult.
For some pictures 1 mega pixel is enough for others i might need 100 megapixel.
Sometimes 1 megapixel is even better.

My idea of "better- more beautiful' pictures with MF backs also has a lot to do with the lenses that can be as expensive as the backs.
I can see a difference in my d3x pictures from a cheaper lens or the more expensive PCE lenses. Not many people use those. It is good practice that Nikon and Canon are starting to produce better- more expensive lenses- needed to feed the 24 or more megapixel cameras.

coming back tot the A2 question.
My d3x still has still 243pixels per inch at A2 size prints - i know the camera has a very good dynamic range.
My printer can do 600dpi ( so ti says) - i can see the difference from 300 dpi with good glasses when i am very close to the paper...
but
I wonder if you can see much or any difference with a d3x shot with a good lens or the 80mp back- with always - a good lens.
I think slight differences in working with the digital image has a far greater impact on wich image is better..

( about HIFI- I noticed that even with my bad ears i can often hear the difference especially between cheap and expensive loudspeakers- you do not have to be an expert ear)
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: LKaven on May 19, 2011, 07:12:07 pm
[...]
I wonder if you can see much or any difference with a d3x shot with a good lens or the 80mp back- with always - a good lens.

One place to look is in the high frequency detail that is right up around the nyquist frequency for the output image (at it's final rendered resolution).  This is to say nothing of any kind of tonal fidelity you might gain from the large sample space of the high MP sensor, which is a bit harder to verify in practical terms, even though it might be very real. 

I personally think 24+ MP does wonders for rendering of scenes with high frequency detail, like trees, skin, hair -- any any output resolution.  In portraiture, you have the basic full-frame head shot, which fixes a reference point often used in making judgments about image quality.  The scale that we're operating on here is in the "pixels per face" realm.  The difference between a face with 12MP and a face with 24MP is salient. 

The nicest thing about the D3x is that it enters that realm of having just enough pixels-per-face, as judged by that one kind of standard.  And it is a very good implementation with a very quiet sensor.  I personally think that this is where the D3x earns a seat at this particular table.  With an 80MP back, you can get 24MP pixels-per-face in the context of a scene in which the face is a third to a quarter of the scene.  Now that's another standard to consider.

[The Sony K-5/D7000 design would look awfully good in 24x36 form at 36MP.  Imagine how it would look in 645 form.]
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: vjbelle on May 19, 2011, 07:21:33 pm
for A2 prints and Nikon D3x vs IQ 180 ? no not at all
but YOU know it by your own  I guess

As a matter of fact I don't know for an IQ 180..... I don't have mine yet.  But.... I do know for a P45 vs D3x at A2 and there is a discernible visual difference.  Maybe you should try all of this out for yourself.....
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: mikev1 on May 19, 2011, 09:36:57 pm
I think the only way to satisfy everyone is with prints in their hand.  Or at least generate an even hotter discussion.

If someone is willing to prep two files, one with the IQ180 and whatever DSLR is deemed appropriate or at hand I'll print them for free on my Epson 9900 (I also have an IPF8300 but no profile for the paper I propose).

I am willing to donate free prints (A2 let's say?, approx 16 x 24) on a 44" roll of Epson Premium Glossy Photo Paper 250gsm.  You pay the actual shipping.  Shipping in Canada usually runs between $8 to $16 depending on the location and to the US is usually around $16 or so.  Anyone anywhere else I imagine the shipping will be a lot more.

I accidentally bought two rolls of the stuff and seeing how infrequently I get orders for prints on it, it will probably just end up sitting here for a very long time. And once the roll is gone it is gone.

I have no horse in this race.  I own a 1D mkIV and a Leica M9.  I used to own a 5D mkII and a 1DS mkIII as well as other canon cameras.  Oh I forgot I also have an NEX-5.

I own a small photo printing company up here in Canada and this is not some self promotion gimmick.  I have never mentioned my site on these forums and probably never will.  I am busy as I want to be right now.  My real job is raising a two year old and a four year old.  I have a lot of faithful clients both professional and amateur that keep me busy enough.

Why am I offering this?  I guess I'm just weird that way.  The outcome doesn't even really interest me all that much though I have enjoyed following this discussion.  I just don't understand people making claims about a camera they have never shot with or made prints with.  To be up front, I guess I'd have to say that I believe Michael and Mark's comments and would expect to see a better print from the IQ180.  So if that somehow makes me biased pressing Ctrl-P sobeit.

You guys can discuss politely how the files should be handled.  Perhaps a couple of other people can have access to the raw files as well to confirm anything.  I know a couple of well respected professional photographers (published articles, books, gallery, etc)  that I can ask to verify my end.

Again, I promise you this is not part of some great conspiracy to influence the debate one way or another.  I am not sitting on an island right now with Elvis and Osama enjoying a cold one.

 
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: Erick Boileau on May 20, 2011, 01:13:38 am
As a matter of fact I don't know for an IQ 180..... I don't have mine yet.  But.... I do know for a P45 vs D3x at A2 and there is a discernible visual difference.  Maybe you should try all of this out for yourself.....
As I said before I can compare myself P45 & H1  vs 5d mark II vs 1Ds Mark III, I prefer MF but for other reasons than mega pixels
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: hjulenissen on May 20, 2011, 02:08:58 am
( about HIFI- I noticed that even with my bad ears i can often hear the difference especially between cheap and expensive loudspeakers- you do not have to be an expert ear)
This has been documented in peer-reviewed papers as well, so it is not disputed.

-h
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: hjulenissen on May 20, 2011, 02:16:29 am
I can't tell if you are disagreeing with me or not.  It is more complicated than 80 > 12 as I indicated.
That complication is usually irrelevant as I indicated. If you like, I can say that 72 > 9.5. Every problem should be described as detailed as needed, but not more than needed.

I agree that AA filters, the Bayer sensor, this and that limits the spatial detail that can be captured. Unless you can suggest a use-case where the output have to be exactly 12 MP, I simply dont see the relevance (for this line of discussion). You could say that a 12 MP camera is "really" 9.5 MP. And that a 80 MP camera is "really" 72 MP. 72 > 9.5. So what? MP is an abstract term for most people. The whole debate over Foveon vs Bayer and what conversion-factor Sigma should use when comparing the SD-X series of cameras to Bayer cameras shows that it is little more than a marketing term used to fool buyers.

-h
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: bcooter on May 20, 2011, 05:00:46 am
I don't understand a single one of these comparisons, because to me it's apples and oranges.

I mentioned that my segment of the industry has changed and requires motion in parallel with stills, which requires continuous lighting, which requires higher iso which . . . (well you get the picture, pun intended).

That doesn't mean I don't enjoy or not not use my medium format backs.  It just means I use them less, so investing in a new one makes less financial sense to me than buying a new Epic, or 8 Kobald Brons, or well there is a long list.

On the flip side of this are the ultimate image quality group and I don't doubt for a minute they don't love their detail driven images and the devices they use to make them and most importantly believe they made the right choice,  but most if not all of them work in a different genre than I do.

Lately the word in advertising and editorial, is "real".  If you can show me a photographer that isn't presented with a creative brief every two weeks with the words "real" "approachable" "natural", "spontaneous" then it's probably just Karl Lagerfeld.

I hate to say it but flash rarely looks natural compared to mixing daylight and hmi's.   Slow hold that position photography isn't spontaneous and running back and forth to the digital tech station to check focus on a backlit scene is just another few minutes per shot that can be used elsewhere.

Smaller cameras with more focusing options are better for this type of creative brief and faster which allows more time for other considerations like the motion sessions.

Now if medium format offered the same attributes then I'd probably buy another one, but they don't and in a way I guess I should be relieved that I can hold on to the money or place it in other areas.

Everyone is different, including clients.  Actually for every client that marvels over the detail in a stitch or the fact we can capture a nose hair from a block away, there is another subset of clients that believe over sharp, over detailed images look artificial and digital, so once again, everyone is different.

But please keep in mind, this is just my experience today.  Tomorrow if the wind changes I'll change with it, because that's the only way to have success in this industry.  When the first client tells me they must have a 50 or  80 mpx file,  I'll probably be on the phone looking at hasselblads and working the best deal I can. 

IMO

BC


Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: gazwas on May 20, 2011, 06:27:43 am
Everyone is different, including clients.  Actually for every client that marvels over the detail in a stitch or the fact we can capture a nose hair from a block away, there is another subset of clients that believe over sharp, over detailed images look artificial and digital, so once again, everyone is different.

Like you said, every industry is different. I personally don't feel these new backs are just about more detail. For my interiors I was using a 1DsIII with live view and thought it was the best tool for the job until I tried my current camera a P65+ on an Arca camera. To most, the Arca sounds like a nightmare but with my first job I realised how much easier it was. Yes a little slower to set the camera up but once framed, two captures it was on to the next view. Slight camera movements or two stitched shots to make one wider view without the perspective or barrel distortion of using very wide lenses (Canon 16-35/17mmTSE). There was also so much more visible detail and exposure range in the P65 making it easier with lighting positioning compaired to the Canon. The less additional/artificial lighting needed, the more real the shots look and like you said that is in vogue at the moment. I used to do a 5 shot bracket to be on the safe side but now can be done in two or three captures, not to mention the retouch time after the job.

So with the possibility of more exposure range in the IQ180 and the freedom from a laptop on exterior locations it sound like a winner to me. I'm seriously looking at all the reviews coming in from new customers and considering selling all my Canon gear now to fund the upgrade.

Good times IMO.  :)
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: DaveRichardson on May 20, 2011, 08:29:54 pm
I am intrigued at the assumptions in this thread that seeing a difference with the newer high resolution backs must be some form placebo effect or snake oil.

If we look at this just from a mathematical view, an A2 print (16.5" x 23.4") at 360 ppi requires just over 50M pixels. This would suggest that 80M pixels is wasted at this print size. However the A2, 360 ppi, print actually requires 50M pixels red , 50M pixels blue and 50M pixels green.

With a bayer pattern of 1 row RGRGRG.. and the next GBGBGB.... etc this means that even with an 80M pixel sensor then captured resolution for the green channel is 40 M pixels the Red is 20M pixels and the Blue 20 M Pixels. Any "resolution" above that, with a single shot sensor and a bayer pattern, is down to software and interpolation. Why then should we be surprised that a difference can be seen with the higher resolution sensor. At A2 360dpi, 80M of bayer pattern pixels is still not enough to resolve each colour without interpolation.

I have to declare that I have not seen prints from the new sensor and that the above is theortical. However it does lead me to trust those that have seen a difference in prints and suggests a reason why such a difference may be visible. It also suggests why comparisons with a 24 MP sensor (6Mp Red, 6Mp Blue and 12MP Green) may be futile.

I am happy to be corrected if my assumptions above are incorrect.

Dave
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: hjulenissen on May 21, 2011, 01:20:50 pm
I am intrigued at the assumptions in this thread that seeing a difference with the newer high resolution backs must be some form placebo effect or snake oil.
I think that many have a desire for good testing methology that better answers: 1)Is there a perceivable difference and 2)What is the probable cause of that difference.

Some tend to jump rather quick to conclusions ala "I perceive a difference between this image taken at 80 MP and this image taken at 25 MP. The reason I perceive a difference must be that 25 MP has too little details". Just like some jump to the conclusion that CD must be a poor format because they prefer listening to a given LP over a given CD of the same release, without considering that the CD could be a different (re)master that was the result of a different artistic intent.
Quote
If we look at this just from a mathematical view, an A2 print (16.5" x 23.4") at 360 ppi requires just over 50M pixels. This would suggest that 80M pixels is wasted at this print size. However the A2, 360 ppi, print actually requires 50M pixels red , 50M pixels blue and 50M pixels green.
I think that equating pixels or megapixels at the camera sensor, within photoshop and at the printer output is bound to cause headaches. Luminance lp/mm or lp/ph is probably better.

1. Is there any proof that 360 ppi is really needed?
2. Is there any proof that current printers actually have a brick-wall response all the way up to 360 ppi for each color channel separately?

As printer have only one or a few output "bits" (either spit a drop of ink, or dont), they all (to my knowledge) use heavy dithering to give the appearance of 8-bit or even 16-bit gradations. This means that even if the distance between any two drops of ink is minute, the real spatial detail level is more limited.

The most important information is probably what is going on in the luminance channel. Humans are far more sensitive to spatial luminance than chrominance, and natural scenes tends to contain a lot more luminance details than chrominance.
Quote
With a bayer pattern of 1 row RGRGRG.. and the next GBGBGB.... etc this means that even with an 80M pixel sensor then captured resolution for the green channel is 40 M pixels the Red is 20M pixels and the Blue 20 M Pixels. Any "resolution" above that, with a single shot sensor and a bayer pattern, is down to software and interpolation. Why then should we be surprised that a difference can be seen with the higher resolution sensor. At A2 360dpi, 80M of bayer pattern pixels is still not enough to resolve each colour without interpolation.
Any resampling is going to be carried out using interpolation, and as long as the camera pixel grid does not match the minimum dot distance for your printer, you are going to have resampling now matter what you do. I dont see the evil in doing interpolation, the question is what the end-to-end spatial resolution is for luminance and chrominance, and how that looks for a given scene, viewer, print size, vieweing distance etc.

-h
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: Fritzer on May 21, 2011, 03:37:07 pm
My idea for choosing a camera is the subject- what i want to achieve/show- in the endresult.
For some pictures 1 mega pixel is enough for others i might need 100 megapixel.
Sometimes 1 megapixel is even better.

I beg to differ - in my opinion, more and bigger is always better, without exception .
Unlike film, in the digital world one can always create a 'poorer' look without much effort .

Of course, some tools are better suited to particular uses, or just too expensive, that's when one might want to sacrifice the original file's quality .
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: bcooter on May 21, 2011, 03:41:58 pm

1. Is there any proof that 360 ppi is really needed?
2. Is there any proof that current printers actually have a brick-wall response all the way up to 360 ppi for each color channel separately?


I think it's interesting we're talking prints in a digital world that's moving to mobile, handheld and lcd viewing, whether it's in publishing, in-store display, outdoor display or any form of image distribution, still or moving.

8 years ago our studios printing costs in paper and ink went from $45,000 to almost double that when you factor in drives, dvds, cds and hard copy delivery.

Now I doubt seriously if it's a 1/10th of that, probably less for actually more images produced.

Right now were in post production from a project where we are retouching 36 images that will run from outdoor to small web view and cutting 6 videos, (two are already finished).

From initial display, corrections, markups, client changes . . . back and forth, to final delivery there will never be one single print made, as we do it all electronically.

It's not unusual for us to finish a project that has over three dozen web galleries for client review due to post production changes and corrections.

Most of these images will end up in print, though if I polled most ad agencies and clients I would imagine actual high quality print on paper is probably less than 30% of their marketing effort or concern.

The print lasts about 6 months to a year, the online marketing seems to go on for years.

So knowing this I'm camera brand and format agnostic, which is a strange comment from someone that owns phase, canon, nikon, leica, RED, canon video and panasonic.

I've gone through the cutting edge of digital, been an unintended beta tester for a lot of brands and have come to the conclusion that the best camera for our studio is the one that is the most transparent camera, or in other words the system I don't have to think about or worry about, from on set to delivery.

I know a lot of people on this forum either love their brands, or have some relationship with the makers or dealers, which I think is fine because it's a form of commerce for them and I'm all for open commerce.

What I do find is that when it comes to making a purchase decision for my studios, 20% more detail or 5% more lens sharpness doesn't concern me.   Ease of use, a tested system, fast repairs, rentals in most markets and most importantly workflow mean a lot more to me than anything else, including costs.

I don't change still cameras quickly because I don't' have clients asking for any different file sizes, though with motion the 4k buzz is now taking over and that has become a request.

I will change computers quicker than any piece of equipment because nothing effects our day more than a slow computers and most of the software programs have become so heavy it takes a lot of computing power to run them.

BTW:  This is the minimum of what it takes to work with RED footage on set

(http://www.maxxdigital.com/media/catalog/product/cache/5/image/265x/9df78eab33525d08d6e5fb8d27136e95/d/i/dit_45_angle_right_2.jpg)

Anyway, if I was (and may be) buying into another medium format system I'd only look two ways, or make that 1 and 1/2 ways.

I'd look at the IQ series with a Hasselblad H mount, only because of the higher resolution screen and an the fact the H camera is the medium format standard of our industry.  (especially in rentals).

And I'd look at the H4d 40 because I understand it does the cleanest 800 iso of any of the cameras at full rez and good skin tones.

When time permits I'll test both.

IMO
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: Dustbak on May 21, 2011, 04:18:23 pm
Lately the word in advertising and editorial, is "real".  If you can show me a photographer that isn't presented with a creative brief every two weeks with the words "real" "approachable" "natural", "spontaneous" then it's probably just Karl Lagerfeld.

I hate to say it but flash rarely looks natural compared to mixing daylight and hmi's.   Slow hold that position photography isn't spontaneous and running back and forth to the digital tech station to check focus on a backlit scene is just another few minutes per shot that can be used elsewhere.

BC

Funny you mention this. This is exactly what I hear a lot lately. 'Credible' is another one of those terms. Fortunately some people are moving away from the overly blown-out backlit scenes that everybody is currently doing.

Indeed, I get another MBP every 2 years and replace my MacPro every 3 years while continuously upgrading it (I am a small 2 person operation so my scale of operations is much smaller than yours :)).

BTW, I haven't been printing anything in years (not me myself that is).
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: Professional on May 21, 2011, 04:22:01 pm
The war about MF vs. DSLRs became popular these days more than Canon vs. Nikon.

Now i am just curios about MF itself, how you compare different system with same mp, say LEAF AptusII 12 against IQ180, or IQ140 against P40+ and against H4D-40? or say H4D-60 against P65+ and IQ160, i have H4D-60, and honestly speaking i should be the luckiest to have this camera because i am hobbyist 1000%, i think even some pros don't go that MF higher mp route, so for that i should be happy with it until i can be wealthy as some here to go for larger mp for want not need, and i will wait as my H4 is new, so maybe by next year or after i can have budget to go with newer model will be in the market that time, and hope that time this new IQ180 will not be outdated and/or not sufficient for applications in the future.
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: fredjeang on May 21, 2011, 04:55:16 pm
I don't change still cameras quickly because I don't' have clients asking for any different file sizes, though with motion the 4k buzz is now taking over and that has become a request.

Do you mean that RED is really becoming the "obliged" standart in commercial for clients and we can/should be preapared to through away the current 2k "Canons-and-Panas" in the garbage?

I was expected something like that happening but not so fast and reading your lines it seems that it's there now.

 
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: bcooter on May 21, 2011, 05:27:25 pm
Do you mean that RED is really becoming the "obliged" standart in commercial for clients and we can/should be preapared to through away the current 2k "Canons-and-Panas" in the garbage?

I was expected something like that happening but not so fast and reading your lines it seems that it's there now.

 

No, I didn't mean to imply that about 4k footage.  I just meant that mentioning RED and 4k from either my or the client's side is the only camera or format I've seen mentioned in years.

Now still digital capture is usually just takent for granted that most professional cameras from 22mp on will comfortably do the job.

(and before any medium format guys get their panties in a wad, that doesn't mean you shouldn't or wouldn't use something larger).

The RED is interesting to me because it shoots raw and has a thick file, less interesting to me because it takes more multiple steps in workflow.

But I guess if I have a point, for any image maker that works for commerce it should be understood that medium format still cameras don't just compete against each other or Canon and Nikon.

They compete for all professional spending dollars, like computer systems, the RED, continuous lighting, etc. etc. etc. and all this stuff is not cheap.

Even a 5d/7d outfitted properly can get into 10 grand without glass, so what was once our business of owning a few formats of still cameras and some lights has now moved on to broader but more expensive territory to compete.

IMO

BC
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: feppe on May 21, 2011, 05:30:53 pm
I don't change still cameras quickly because I don't' have clients asking for any different file sizes, though with motion the 4k buzz is now taking over and that has become a request.

OT, but I'm curious: who is requesting 4k, and are they actually displayed at 4k? Nobody has 4k TVs or projectors in the real world, and we're at least 5 years away from appreciable market penetration even in the bleeding edge home cinema crowd. Video displays playing ads in stores, bars, restaurants, etc. are invariably consumer TVs.

I'm sure there are special applications at sports venues and conventions and some corporate events - is that the intended audience?
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: Graham Welland on May 21, 2011, 05:43:59 pm
With a bayer pattern of 1 row RGRGRG.. and the next GBGBGB.... etc this means that even with an 80M pixel sensor then captured resolution for the green channel is 40 M pixels the Red is 20M pixels and the Blue 20 M Pixels. Any "resolution" above that, with a single shot sensor and a bayer pattern, is down to software and interpolation. Why then should we be surprised that a difference can be seen with the higher resolution sensor. At A2 360dpi, 80M of bayer pattern pixels is still not enough to resolve each colour without interpolation.

I have to declare that I have not seen prints from the new sensor and that the above is theortical. However it does lead me to trust those that have seen a difference in prints and suggests a reason why such a difference may be visible. It also suggests why comparisons with a 24 MP sensor (6Mp Red, 6Mp Blue and 12MP Green) may be futile.

I am happy to be corrected if my assumptions above are incorrect.

Dave


Dave

I think you're dead right about this. We are comparing rendered down pixels and downrezzing an 80mp image that has been Bayer mapped and interpolated back to RGB @ 80mp is going to have more information than starting with a lower res original. The fact that this is visible isn't surprising to me at all. We may not know what to call it but it's easy to understand that there will be some difference in color /detail rendering even if you sampled down the 80mp image to the same size as the smaller image.
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: fredjeang on May 21, 2011, 06:25:07 pm
No, I didn't mean to imply that about 4k footage.  I just meant that mentioning RED and 4k from either my or the client's side is the only camera or format I've seen mentioned in years.

Now still digital capture is usually just takent for granted that most professional cameras from 22mp on will comfortably do the job.

(and before any medium format guys get their panties in a wad, that doesn't mean you shouldn't or wouldn't use something larger).

The RED is interesting to me because it shoots raw and has a thick file, less interesting to me because it takes more multiple steps in workflow.

But I guess if I have a point, for any image maker that works for commerce it should be understood that medium format still cameras don't just compete against each other or Canon and Nikon.

They compete for all professional spending dollars, like computer systems, the RED, continuous lighting, etc. etc. etc. and all this stuff is not cheap.

Even a 5d/7d outfitted properly can get into 10 grand without glass, so what was once our business of owning a few formats of still cameras and some lights has now moved on to broader but more expensive territory to compete.

IMO

BC
Thank you for this precision James,

I understand now your post and it makes all sense.  I wish sometimes my english was better.

Really, keep a sweet eye on the Avid with Red because indeed, with the Avid's capability to devellop the source Raw file in the timeline and apply any Raw correction(s) it is a powerfull workflow and time saver.
It does need computer power, without any doubt, but in the end not more than what you already need for working the Red's.
Arri's also very easy with MC.

I was thinking that with the Epic's (but the deliveries are long), 4K at RED's prices, RED is probably the best investment price/capabilities/reward, that 4K is going to be the "standart" very soon in that sense.

It's always good to be able to downsample from such files.

Out-of-topic: On the Canon's side, and Panasonic, there's a guy who transform the 7D to fixed PL mount removing the mirror etc... Shopping the Bastille boulevards for Angenieux optics and you have a bomb for cheap. (for the people who are interested on PL, do not try the PL mount on a 5D2 or you'll have vigneting but the Panasonic works perfectly. I'm saying that because I've seen some PL adapters on the marquet for the 5D2 and it makes no sense and some have bought them expensive for nothing, unless they want to crop)

I agree 100% that the MF are also competing with the RED, even ALEXA etc...

Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: bcooter on May 21, 2011, 06:30:41 pm
OT, but I'm curious: who is requesting 4k, and are they actually displayed at 4k? Nobody has 4k TVs or projectors in the real world, and we're at least 5 years away from appreciable market penetration even in the bleeding edge home cinema crowd. Video displays playing ads in stores, bars, restaurants, etc. are invariably consumer TVs.

I'm sure there are special applications at sports venues and conventions and some corporate events - is that the intended audience?

No I don't believe there is an exact need for 4k as most video has web view.  Then again the ceo of Netflix predicts 4k streaming soon and you'll see 4k on computer screens and in corporate projection rooms probably a lot faster than you'll see it on the networks.

I would imagine 4k first on your computer, 2nd in corporate and maybe instore, 3rd, the cinema.

The thing 4k and RED is a catch phrase with clients.  Red does a good job of marketing and keeping up the myth and a lot of it is deserved because they are in that sweet spot of raw file, 4k, 30 grand.  Nobody is there yet.

Then again regardless of the pixel peepers few people in the print world are asking for 80mpx capture though before it's all done I would imagine Phase will at 180mpx capture because that seems to be the way medium format goes. 

With stills the world has flip flopped and sending out the file sizes we do the only request I ever have now is make it smaller!

But back to 4k motion because there is a parallel between RED and Arri and medium format.

If Canon or someone does raw 4k at 15 grand and does it without line skipping then the rules will change.  Just like it did with stills.

But your right, today we all cut in 2k at the most probably display at 1000k, though in computer streaming land things change quickly, though I predict soon all nle's will be 4k capable.

The only thing that holds our studio up sticking with fcp is #1 we know it and I've got 8 years working it, #2 Apple could produce a world beater with fcp X or a bomb, Avid can produce anything but price points are hard to beat knowing that the next fcp is $299.

Money talks.

IMO

BC
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: fredjeang on May 21, 2011, 07:05:06 pm
With stills the world has flip flopped and sending out the file sizes we do the only request I ever have now is make it smaller!

I'm so happy to hear that! Few months ago I was about to write exactly the same in this forum but didn't dare because people would not take me seriously and I did not want to be interpretated as provovative.

But in my assistance experience, let's say from last Sept + or -, that is all we hear: make it smaller, make it smaller!! And I'm talking about long time big clients that in the past used to say "could it be bigger?".

That is to the point that the last time I was trying to incite the boss to take the Blad (in fact it was a strategy of me to be able to play with it...) it kind of looked at me nervous: "don't talk to me about those devices, I want a clean set, if nobody cares anymore" (refering to clients).

By the way, all the campaigns shooted with Gisele Bundchen, Bar R, Erin W etc...not one MF was involved at any time. In fact, he did MF for gallery exhib that nobody cares. For me those are the best shots and works, but they do not sell.

It's not romantic thinking numbers and workflow, it's cold and pragmatic. But I've learned this: this is why he is the boss and not me.


Things have changed.
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: bcooter on May 21, 2011, 07:58:33 pm
(in fact it was a strategy of me to be able to play with it...) it kind of looked at me nervous: "don't talk to me about those devices, I want a clean set, if nobody cares anymore" (refering to clients).

By the way, all the campaigns shooted with ..........

Things have changed.

I'm sure your boss would be happy if he could go out on the day and have the exact usability with his blad that he does with other less expensive cameras.

In fact I'm sure your boss would be happy if it was back to the world where 350 line screens was the only number we really thought about and a day of shooting still images for commerce was a day of shooting still images, maybe a few set ups, maybe a few more for yourself, with no mention of make it horizontal and vertical, make it wide and tight, make it in still and motion, make it fast and btw, deliver it in the morning.

The world has changed and early on when I invested in digital backs, I was damn sure going to use them for about everything.  I almost beat myself silly shooting the world's fastest man with a Leaf, one of the world's fastest women with a Phase.  I did the thing of quick, let me get to the computer so I can check focus, or hold it,  I'm at 1/30th so  . . . ok . . . hold it, don't move, click, now move and yea that's beautiful, hold that . . . click.

In some ways I'd love to not to know the difference between a cross transition vs. a push, what codec means and why I should debayer at half or full.

So, I understand your boss, I somewhat understand you and fortunately or unfortunately (depending on where you sit) I've come to understand some of the world.

I also understand that if I don't get the list that's sitting in everyone's Iphone completed, if I don't make it look natural, if I don't shoot it so the people that hire me bosses go wow, then the resolution of the camera means nothing.

Early this year I tried it.  I went back to my backs (hmm does that rhyme?) and it was smaller jobs, some editorial.  I was bound and determined to shoot them like I shoot my Canons and Nikons and just shoot the way I enjoyed working. 

It worked, the images ran, people were pleased and as much as I could see a deeper more workable file, Ialso saw some stiffness in the subjects, some slowdown in the shooting and less options.  We also ran to the very maximum of the schedule and worried us and the people around us, so I now use the backs only when it's appropriate and I have a lot of light an easier schedule, or when I'm just shooting for me.

But your boss want's a clean set?  

I want a clean brain.

IMO

BC
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: fredjeang on May 21, 2011, 08:25:30 pm
I'm sure your boss would be happy if he could go out on the day and have the exact usability with his blad that he does with other less expensive cameras.

In fact I'm sure your boss would be happy if it was back to the world where 350 line screens was the only number we really thought about and a day of shooting still images for commerce was a day of shooting still images, maybe a few set ups, maybe a few more for yourself, with no mention of make it horizontal and vertical, make it wide and tight, make it in still and motion, make it fast and btw, deliver it in the morning.

The world has changed and early on when I invested in digital backs, I was damn sure going to use them for about everything.  I almost beat myself silly shooting the world's fastest man with a Leaf, one of the world's fastest women with a Phase.  I did the thing of quick, let me get to the computer so I can check focus, or hold it,  I'm at 1/30th so  . . . ok . . . hold it, don't move, click, now move and yea that's beautiful, hold that . . . click.

In some ways I'd love to not to know the difference between a cross transition vs. a push, what codec means and why I should debayer at half or full.

So, I understand your boss, I somewhat understand you and fortunately or unfortunately (depending on where you sit) I've come to understand some of the world.

I also understand that if I don't get the list that's sitting in everyone's Iphone completed, if I don't make it look natural, if I don't shoot it so the people that hire me bosses go wow, then the resolution of the camera means nothing.

Clean set?  I want a clean brain.

IMO

BC
Correct James.

Paradoxically, I think we are more prepared now than years before and even if it all looks like a mess, it is maybe more easy to smell where the wind is blowing and anticipate-understand the market, clients and industry in their big lines.

The thing is that in the last decade, tech has made such huge steps and revolutionated the profession from the very roots. Softwares and electronics, data storage, computer power have evolved to a point that it brought unthinkable power to smaller structures and the financial-economical crisis have exhacerbated the all process as well as media displays and social behaviours.

We are now IMO in between 2 worlds, we are living one and enter a new one. There is a lot of pressure as you pointed. But when I read for example your regular comments on Lu-La about how you see the short-medium future, I think that your descriptions are correct in their general lines. It can fluctuates of course but we kind of know where all this is going.

Personally speaking, I have now more fun than ever, but I'm under extreme pressure and tired. Maybe more difficult than the codecs, I find that time management and efficiency vs hollidays-decompression is the real chalenge.

So yes, I understand you perfectly when talking about Avid, you don't want to add more complications and a new learning process and stays with a solution that you and your team already mastered. We have enough to mess with testings etc...

Cheers.
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: bcooter on May 21, 2011, 08:51:43 pm

Paradoxically, I think we are more prepared now than years before and even if it all looks like a mess, ..........snip..............

So yes, I understand you perfectly when talking about Avid, you don't want to add more complications and a new learning process and stays with a solution that you and your team already mastered. We have enough to mess with testings etc...

Cheers.

Fred,

This is my brain on Saturday morning after all of us pulled 18 hour days for weeks.   So mess, yea man it's a mess.

(http://ishotit.com/clean_brain.jpg)

Effective, but non the less a mess and last night hit the deadlines and decided to sit down on my office sofa for a few minutes.  I woke up 11 hours later.

IMO

BC
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: ChristopherBarrett on May 21, 2011, 11:24:37 pm
To say that it's an insane time in our genre is nothing if not an understatement, but with the anxiety comes exhilaration.  

It's the weekend.  I want to spend time with my family.  I've still got stills to retouch, two days of footage to edit and Monday I'm on a plane to take workshops at Red Studios.

Yeah, it's a little crazy.  This week we spent two days in Herman Miller's studio on a new project.  We had Ford sending models from Chicago and New York.  We were doing the kind of work we'd never done before and I didn't make a single photograph.  The Canon and the Arca stayed at home.  I billed what I always do and never touched my 60 megapixel digital back.  I had no idea what I was doing and when it was all said and done everybody was thrilled.

Yeah, it's a little crazy.

But you know what?  I love it!  I love the Red.  I love dollies and jibs and sliders and Kinos.  I love composing not for a perfect singular image but imagining a scene where the camera is tracking left to right, a chair that fills the frame rotates to reveal another chair in the distance and as I rack focus to bring that chair into sharpness a beautiful woman enters from the left with perfect body language... and the clients release a collective sigh as it all comes together.

Ahh... that's good shit.

Yeah, I don't know where I'm at anymore.  I love my Arca.  The P65+ makes beautiful images, but motion is sooo seductive.  Screw depth of field, give me Cookes wide open and an actress that melts you to the core.

Heh... I remember when I was an architectural photographer.  I have no idea what I am anymore and I love that.

CB
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: fredjeang on May 22, 2011, 06:39:29 am
Yeah, it's a little crazy.

But you know what?  I love it!  I love the Red.  I love dollies and jibs and sliders and Kinos.  I love composing not for a perfect singular image but imagining a scene where the camera is tracking left to right, a chair that fills the frame rotates to reveal another chair in the distance and as I rack focus to bring that chair into sharpness a beautiful woman enters from the left with perfect body language... and the clients release a collective sigh as it all comes together.

Ahh... that's good shit.

Yeah, I don't know where I'm at anymore.  I love my Arca.  The P65+ makes beautiful images, but motion is sooo seductive.  Screw depth of field, give me Cookes wide open and an actress that melts you to the core.

Heh... I remember when I was an architectural photographer.  I have no idea what I am anymore and I love that.

CB
So do I !!

I think I've never been so exited and even if there is a serious learning curve and my daily rythm has tripled while my personal life is almost unexistent today, I enjoy like never before and this mist you are describing, not really knowing how to "label" one self anymore, photo or video grapher, is creatively reinventing us and the way we express, and it does it in a very exiting and rewarding way.

I feel free. Sounds strange because of the pressure, but I feel more free now. We have wonderfull versatile tools unthinkable 10 years ago.

When we started to hear about convergence, it was clear that this would also apply to the artistic expression also.
Frontiers, labels, do not count any more.

The learning of  some "accessible" post-prod softwares like Autodesk Smoke or Flare have really brought a dimension in my post-prod workflow that I often take the extra work with such enthousiasm because they are bloody peices of softwares and it is a pure delight.
Learning them is hard, lots of hours, but then (sorry to say it but that is really what I'm feeling) when I'm back in PS, or in whatever Raw dev not to mention this or that brand, they simply look like unfriendly toys. I try to avoid them now as much as I can.

I'm evaluating Sratch because Smoke is on Mac and I want a continuous PC solution on a middle term and it's really like I could spend 15 hours on that stuff, I'm tired but it's sooo fun and bloody efficient.

Suddenly, what could catch my interest not a long time ago in some still configuration just vanished, because the "problems" we have to deal with in motion are far more complicated but at the same time, IMO, far more stimulating.

Ps for Cooter: James, looking at this desktop, indeed it's a monitor mess!!! (I'm sort of teasing) Compared to the perfect organised red rack. I've noticed that when I want to clear my head, external clearing helps a lot. But that's just me. I did a sort of reduced "mission control" disposition and I noticed the workflow faster and costing less time. It sounds crazy but having less possible objects arround, distracting cables etc...has an impact.
I think it's interesting because we are into that. I visited this company: http://www.gesab.es/eng.html and realised how important are those details when it comes to motion, and they are relatively easy to do.  

Those guys have long experience building control centers all over the world for various industries and I've been talking with one of the executive. The most important factor seems to be the spacial disposition monitors etc..and very important: no objects visualy that have nothing to do with the workflow. I first thought "come on guys, you're exagerating aren't you". But it changes a lot the tiredness impact.  

  
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: bcooter on May 22, 2011, 10:37:16 am
Fred,

That's not the usual look of my workstation, though it was pretty funny for me to wake up and look at it.  Kind of like a guy on a two week bender that wakes up and finds his car in the swimming pool.

Actually, after I finished two videos, I was uploading and also cloning a new computer over to another and pulled the powerbook over to check retouching from our team in NY.

The 4th computer is a Mac tower that is only used for coloring RED dailies in cine-X with a RED Rocket card.

Usually I start the day much neater, but  . . .

IMO

BC
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: ctz on May 22, 2011, 10:54:33 am
OMG, there are 40 to 50 LaCie Rugged in there...
I just have one LaCie.
And oh, my IKEA chair is the very same model as yours;)
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: bcooter on May 22, 2011, 11:09:01 am
OMG, there are 40 to 50 LaCie Rugged in there...
I just have one LaCie.
And oh, my IKEA chair is the very same model as yours;)

Upstairs there are 14 Lacie Raid 5's, off site 210 something 3.5" drives and enclosures, under the workstation is 6 terabytes in Raid 0 for video editing.

With our retouchers there are 100 something drives.

When out of LA the 14 Raid 5's go online and I can access them through remote desktop.  

But those Lacie Ruggeds, now that they come in 1 terabyte are a godsend.  I'm slowly getting done with Raid 5's, as we just shoot to the drives, back them up, ship one to the retoucher, keep two on site and one off site.
They're tiny, self powered and so easy to plug and play.

I really do consider them to be the best invention for digital in 5 years and with all I have bought and use only two ever stopped working.  One because it looked like TSA or someone in the air travel food chain bashed it and another because someone stepped on it (not me well maybe me, not sure).

I know a lot of people have issue with LaCie but I've been lucky with them with few issues.   I start every video project with two Lacie 2 or 4 terabyte drives set to raid 0 that are syncronized for backup.

At the end of the project I copy everything over to a third drive for shipping to one of our other studios, or to carry if the project is still in progress.

I kind of have a rule.  I don't buy any drives I can't find in a Mac Store or At Samys.

But to keep this on topic, raw file sizes are important.  One thing about Phase I like is the ability to shoot a smaller raw, I think they call it IQ or IC or something, but it's fine unless your in very low light.
Compared to my previous leaf backs I could get twice the images on a drive which changed our set up considerably.


IMO

BC

P.S.  The funny thing is when I started shooting digital I did it early and in a way thought it was kind of like a fad.

I really believed in my heart and soul that someone would finally say, stop it, we want film, but it never happened and all of a sudden we had a hundred terabytes of data.

I didn't have a dam system, so I kind of built our own using a pdf that we updated.  It grew to 9985 pages and on a slower powerbook took 20 minutes to search out a file name.

Obviously this wasn't going to work so now we have a system and can find anything quick, but I never once dreamed that I would have so much data.  I don't think anyone thought so.

I've been fortunate I've never lost a job, only a few files when the new at the time 1ds2 would corrupt files.  

The biggest scare I had was one saturday I was in our Dallas studio and for once in a long time didn't have a deadline.  I set up the recliner and decided to lay on the patio and get some sun.  I felt like I'd been given a weekend pass from Riker's Island when the phone went off and a client had to have a series of retouched files for Monday.

I went to our drives and found the job and the folders were empty.  Went to the backup same thing.  Went off site, same thing.  My heart sank.  I called our retoucher, made her go back into Manhattan and she did have the complete drive, this time with images.  Turned out a digital tech I hired somehow during backup started dragging in folders, but they were empty and he over wrote the file folders.  

Other than that no problems, yet.


Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: cunim on May 22, 2011, 12:46:31 pm
Odd how this thread has mutated from the value of subtle improvements in an old field (MF still) to the excitement and challenges of working in the new (motion).  Never mind.  It's encouraging to see a group of young (and not so young) photographers applying their skills and talents in a hot market.  The difficulties you mention provide the significant entry barrier which defines a protected profession.  That's a refreshing change from the gloom in commerical photography.

Wonder how many of you will transition from the small shoots to the really lucrative entertainment end of it.  Seems to be a natural progression from motion photography to cinematography. Of course, the logistics are a bit different.
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: ChristopherBarrett on May 22, 2011, 01:46:39 pm
I wonder as well.  I have no idea at all what I'll be doing 5 years from now.  The crew thing was the biggest change.  My largest Still shoots have maybe 10 people on set with clients and all.

We had a cast and crew of 15 on this little indie / art film.  At the end of our last day shooting at my house we had to cancel our final shots at an exterior location because of thunderstorms.  Everyone was bummed to say the least. 

Our previous scene had been a triumphant and heart wrenching moment.  I did a quick transcode of that, streamed it to the AppleTV downstairs and gathered everyone to watch... it was a hugely emotional scene that created a final bonding amongst the crew that I've rarely experienced on still shoots.

In the scene the actress is singing softly as she contemplates her impending divorce and the take actually wrapped with her in tears... it just melted me to the core.
(http://christopherbarrett.net/AIWR/A012_C015_0511LH_001.jpg)
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: DaveRichardson on May 23, 2011, 07:08:33 am

1. Is there any proof that 360 ppi is really needed?
2. Is there any proof that current printers actually have a brick-wall response all the way up to 360 ppi for each color channel separately?

As printer have only one or a few output "bits" (either spit a drop of ink, or dont), they all (to my knowledge) use heavy dithering to give the appearance of 8-bit or even 16-bit gradations. This means that even if the distance between any two drops of ink is minute, the real spatial detail level is more limited.

-h

My reference to printing at 360 dpi came from tests with my own printer and it's driver (An Epson 3800 set to Superfine photo 2880 x 1440 dpi). A test pattern of vertical lines; horizontal lines and a checkerboard - each 1 pixel wide is reproduced perfectly at 360 ppi but suffers from artifacts at 359ppi or less or at 361ppi or more. (Sending 720 ppi does not reproduce correctly either).
 
If the pixels can be reproduced on paper, as per the above test, then they are potentially visible when looking at the image (depending on viewing distance). They therefore can have an impact on perceived image quality, that is why I picked 360 ppi. Other printers/drivers may produce different results.

Dave
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: hjulenissen on May 23, 2011, 07:32:32 am
My reference to printing at 360 dpi came from tests with my own printer and it's driver (An Epson 3800 set to Superfine photo 2880 x 1440 dpi). A test pattern of vertical lines; horizontal lines and a checkerboard - each 1 pixel wide is reproduced perfectly at 360 ppi but suffers from artifacts at 359ppi or less or at 361ppi or more. (Sending 720 ppi does not reproduce correctly either).
 
If the pixels can be reproduced on paper, as per the above test, then they are potentially visible when looking at the image (depending on viewing distance). They therefore can have an impact on perceived image quality, that is why I picked 360 ppi. Other printers/drivers may produce different results.

Dave
Thank you for your reply. I like arguments based on empiry!

How did you conclude that 360dpi prints was reproduced perfect? Using your eyesight closeup, a scanner, a camera using macro lense? Is it safe to conclude that the clean, apparently unaliased image that resulted was the result of an end-to-end 1:1 pipeline, or could it be that you were actually viewing an aliased image that happened to give you clean patterns similar to the input (at e.g. an integer multiplum lower frequency)?

For this test, it was possible to generate content tailormade for the printer input resolution, where pixel-to-pixel difference is 100%. For realistic scenarios, one will grab a e.g. 20 megapixel image from camera, and decide on some physical print size (e.g. A3). Then content would have to be resampled at least once, meaning that bar-code patterns will loose some acuity.

One could imagine that your particular printer/driver does something stupid for any input resolution except 360dpi, without necessarily using image information to its fullest at 360dpi. One test for that may be printing high-resolution material at 360dpi, then taking the same material downscaling it to a resolution corresponding to 180dpi, then upscaling it back up to 360 dpi (choosing scaling and sharpening methods judiciously) before printing just like the high-res original. What is the visual/technical difference then?

I agree that your test seem to indicate that there is that for your setup some gain in choosing 360dpi as output format. Whether your images can use that gain, and whether any given human can perceive it at any given print size/distance is open for debate.

-h
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: Bart_van_der_Wolf on May 23, 2011, 08:15:58 am
My reference to printing at 360 dpi came from tests with my own printer and it's driver (An Epson 3800 set to Superfine photo 2880 x 1440 dpi). A test pattern of vertical lines; horizontal lines and a checkerboard - each 1 pixel wide is reproduced perfectly at 360 ppi but suffers from artifacts at 359ppi or less or at 361ppi or more. (Sending 720 ppi does not reproduce correctly either).

Hi Dave,

That sounds suspect. Could it be that resampling was used to reach the 359 / 361 PPI? If so how was the resampling done?

The same goes for the 720 PPI, which is the native resolution of your printer (when using glossy paper and the appropriate driver settings). Others report superior resolution at 720 PPI vs 360 PPI.

Cheers,
Bart
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: DaveRichardson on May 23, 2011, 08:48:49 am

How did you conclude that 360dpi prints was reproduced perfect? Using your eyesight closeup, a scanner, a camera using macro lense? Is it safe to conclude that the clean, apparently unaliased image that resulted was the result of an end-to-end 1:1 pipeline, or could it be that you were actually viewing an aliased image that happened to give you clean patterns similar to the input (at e.g. an integer multiplum lower frequency)?


Thanks for the response.

My use of the word "perfect" is incorrect. With my eyes, wearing reading glasses, I could percieve a pattern of lines and dots at 360 dpi. It took a magnifying glass to show that this was a reproduction of the 1 pixel patterns I had sent and did not appear to show any particular artifacts.

For the 359 and 361 ppi tests - the artifacts were visible with the naked eye at 8-10 feet - they appeared as a repeating pattern of dark / light lines. It would seem that the printer driver is doing some resampling.


For this test, it was possible to generate content tailormade for the printer input resolution, where pixel-to-pixel difference is 100%. For realistic scenarios, one will grab a e.g. 20 megapixel image from camera, and decide on some physical print size (e.g. A3). Then content would have to be resampled at least once, meaning that bar-code patterns will loose some acuity.



I agree - to get through the end to end chain of camera to my printer, with no resampling (which with the exception of some specific integer sizes, will always introduce some impact on the image, and for an A2 print would require a 50MP sensor that samples each colour at each pixel site. My original point was that even the 80M sensors that exist today are not capable of doing that due to the use of the bayer pattern.



I agree that your test seem to indicate that there is that for your setup some gain in choosing 360dpi as output format. Whether your images can use that gain, and whether any given human can perceive it at any given print size/distance is open for debate.

-h

In the real world, it is rare that we do produce images that are not scaled (or have not used specific integers for up-scaling). However the thinking behind my original comment was that there is printable data from the 80Mp sensors that is not being captured in smaller sensors, and even with the 80Mp sensor we have not yet reached the point where we are capturing more data than is printable at A2, even on my old printer. I totally agree that it remains debatable what can be seen in printed images from normal viewing distances - but not having had the good fortune to see images from these sensors directly I was only able to hypothesise on why those who have used the sensors might be seeing a real difference.

Dave
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: DaveRichardson on May 23, 2011, 09:09:31 am


That sounds suspect. Could it be that resampling was used to reach the 359 / 361 PPI? If so how was the resampling done?


Cheers,
Bart

Hi Bart
I was careful not to resample when I resized the image from 360ppi to 359/358/361/362 and 720 ppi for testing. This was confirmed with no impact on screen only the reported image dimensions changing. Then I just sent each image to the printer driver.
It looks like my driver (Epson) is doing some internal resampling at resolutions other than 360 dpi

I just repeated the 720 dpi test to ensure I had not made a mistake. I was using Premium Glossy paper and had the printer set to 2880 x 1440dpi (Superfine). The  printer did not reproduce the fine horizontal and vertical lines that were seen when sending 360 dpi. Just solid areas of white and black. It may be that another setting in the driver may be required for 720 dpi.

Dave
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: hjulenissen on May 23, 2011, 09:28:34 am
I agree - to get through the end to end chain of camera to my printer, with no resampling (which with the exception of some specific integer sizes, will always introduce some impact on the image, and for an A2 print would require a 50MP sensor that samples each colour at each pixel site. My original point was that even the 80M sensors that exist today are not capable of doing that due to the use of the bayer pattern.

In the real world, it is rare that we do produce images that are not scaled (or have not used specific integers for up-scaling). However the thinking behind my original comment was that there is printable data from the 80Mp sensors that is not being captured in smaller sensors, and even with the 80Mp sensor we have not yet reached the point where we are capturing more data than is printable at A2, even on my old printer. I totally agree that it remains debatable what can be seen in printed images from normal viewing distances - but not having had the good fortune to see images from these sensors directly I was only able to hypothesise on why those who have used the sensors might be seeing a real difference.

Dave
As long as one is allowing any print size, there will always be a threshold where at one side the printer is "out-resolving" the camera, and at the other side the camera is outresolving the printer. The larger your prints, the greater the chance that your printer is capable of reproducing details that your camera cannot capture.

I believe that natural images and image processing pipelines tend to behave in such a way that classical sampling theory/Nyquist is applicable (unless excessive sharpening is applied). I believe that synthetic test-patterns like yours belong to a different cathegory, and great care should be taken when comparing response to such test-patterns vs natural images (perhaps band-limited swept sines would be a better choice).

I believe that it is fair to assume that people tend to view A3 sized prints at a greater distance than A4 sized prints. This tendency may not be enough to compensate for the change in print size (i.e. lp/ph may be more important in large images than in small ones).

The human visual system is often said to be limited to 1 minute of arc (angular subtended), and we have a limited ability to focus very near to some object. I believe that this can be used to set a hard limit on how much real resolution is of use for 20/20 vision people not using magnifyers.

-h
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: Bart_van_der_Wolf on May 23, 2011, 10:40:29 am
Hi Bart
I was careful not to resample when I resized the image from 360ppi to 359/358/361/362 and 720 ppi for testing. This was confirmed with no impact on screen only the reported image dimensions changing. Then I just sent each image to the printer driver.
It looks like my driver (Epson) is doing some internal resampling at resolutions other than 360 dpi

Hi Dave,

It's still very strange and contrary to what others report. Do you by any chance have borderless printing activated (that will cause resampling by the printer driver, but not very high quality resampling)? I assume you print from Photoshop?

Here (http://www.ddisoftware.com/qimage/quality/) is a test file that can be used to find out if the 720 PPI is resolved by the printer (which it normally should if the printheads are aligned).

Cheers,
Bart
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: Bart_van_der_Wolf on May 23, 2011, 10:47:16 am
For the 359 and 361 ppi tests - the artifacts were visible with the naked eye at 8-10 feet - they appeared as a repeating pattern of dark / light lines. It would seem that the printer driver is doing some resampling.

Hi Dave,

This is a clear indication of aliasing artifacts, most likely caused by resampling. Make sure that borderless printing is not active.

Cheers,
Bart
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: DaveRichardson on May 23, 2011, 11:52:11 am
Hi Bart
Thanks for the test print links - I'll try them later and come back.
In the meantime I can confirm I did not have borderless printing enabled. The 359; 360 ; 361 ppi prints gave a result as I expected as I had been told previously that the EPson driver tried to scale if sent a resolution other than 360/720ppi. It was the 720 ppi print that surprised me.

Dave
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: DaveRichardson on May 23, 2011, 01:57:14 pm
Hi Bart
I tried the test images from your link and found the following :
To get the driver to accept 720 ppi I needed to set the "Finest Detail" setting in the driver. It would then accept and correctly print the 720 ppi tests. I had not checked this previously as Epson recommended it for graphics only.

Eric Chan's website describes the Epson driver and describes that with "Finest detail" unchecked everything sent to the driver is resampled to 360 ppi and with it checked, it is resampled to 720 dpi. This explains my findings at 359ppi and 361 dpi.

So is the difference between 360 ppi and 720 PPI visible ? 
In test prints with 1 pixel wide lines and more especially lines that are just off vertical then a difference between 720ppi and 360 ppi is clearly visible to the naked eye (or in my case with my glasses on). However in real photographs I struggled to see a difference between 360 ppi and 720 ppi even with a magnifying glass. I will therefore leave it unchecked and continue to send 360 dpi to this printer.

To work toward an A2 print end to end at 720 ppi would require image capture at 200Mp (preferably with 3 colours directly captured at each pixel) - a year or two away  I think   :)

Dave
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: Bart_van_der_Wolf on May 23, 2011, 02:20:19 pm
Hi Bart
I tried the test images from your link and found the following :
To get the driver to accept 720 ppi I needed to set the "Finest Detail" setting in the driver. It would then accept and correctly print the 720 ppi tests. I had not checked this previously as Epson recommended it for graphics only.

Eric Chan's website describes the Epson driver and describes that with "Finest detail" unchecked everything sent to the driver is resampled to 360 ppi and with it checked, it is resampled to 720 dpi. This explains my findings at 359ppi and 361 dpi.

Hi Dave,

Glad you've been able to solve that one. I assume the aliasing artifacts at lower PPIs are also reduced.

Quote
So is the difference between 360 ppi and 720 PPI visible ? 
In test prints with 1 pixel wide lines and more especially lines that are just off vertical then a difference between 720ppi and 360 ppi is clearly visible to the naked eye (or in my case with my glasses on). However in real photographs I struggled to see a difference between 360 ppi and 720 ppi even with a magnifying glass.

Just remember that resampling to 720 PPI also allows to do the print sharpening at that native resolution. It will keep gradients smoother, and you can increase the edge acutance even further than at 360 PPI. Of course whether it matters a lot is subject dependent and it also depends on how much real data there is to begin with.

Quote
To work toward an A2 print end to end at 720 ppi would require image capture at 200Mp (preferably with 3 colours directly captured at each pixel) - a year or two away  I think   :)

It's only a matter of time, but in the mean time a good image upsampling program can help a lot.

Cheers,
Bart
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: Brian Ripley on May 23, 2011, 02:48:45 pm
I believe that it is fair to assume that people tend to view A3 sized prints at a greater distance than A4 sized prints. This tendency may not be enough to compensate for the change in print size (i.e. lp/ph may be more important in large images than in small ones).

The human visual system is often said to be limited to 1 minute of arc (angular subtended), and we have a limited ability to focus very near to some object. I believe that this can be used to set a hard limit on how much real resolution is of use for 20/20 vision people not using magnifyers.

Yes, although I think that we can do a little better.  But I am reminded of a friend of mine (a 5 x 4 user) who talked about framed prints coming back from exhibiitions with noseprints on them.  In other words, people will (at least try) to look at very fine details in a large print.

I've done this once.  I was stung at a review of one of my prints (A4 from a Canon 1Ds) to be told I had over-sharpened it.  I asked why he thought so, and was pointed to marks on the edges of the stones in a (600-year old) wall.  I came back the next day with a loupe and asked whether the reviewer had had his eyes tested recently (no ...).  The print resolved the lichen growing on the mortar, but even my younger 6/6 (aka 20/20 in Imperial units) eyes needed a loupe to see all the detail.
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: torger on May 25, 2011, 02:35:38 pm
I think it is fair to say that a "reasonable" viewing distance is about the same as the width of the picture, with one feet / 30 cm being the closest, that is a postcard is not viewed any closer than an A4. With this viewing distance the full picture can be viewed at once comfortably. Of course, very large panoramic prints may invite the viewer to step close to look at a part of the picture at a time.

I'm just learning about fine art print-making but have done some observations in high quality offset printing. The highest quality offset prints used in photo books swallow 400 ppi. At book-reading distance a 400 ppi photograph with this type of print quality gives the sense that details are smaller than the eye can resolve.

Lowering the ppi to 300 or slightly below makes noticable difference, perhaps not so much that it seems that resolvable detail is lacking but more a sense that surfaces look less natural due to the lack of micro detail. At ~250 ppi the surfaces can look "like plastic".

So this tells me that 400 ppi is probably good, but rather not lower. This is for books at book-reading distance, which can be about A3 in size when opened up, perhaps a bit larger. Let's make it simple and say 24x18 inches, which yields 9600x7200 in 4:3 format which is 69 megapixels.

If you make the print larger, so will the viewing distance (if the viewer is supposed to see the whole image at once), so you will get away with those 69 megapixels regardless of size. More pixels gives you some ability to crop. I think framed pictures behind glass also are a bit less critical, so you can get away with inkjet prints despite that they do not resolve as much as 400 ppi.

This is no exact science of course, but it is clear to me that current DSLRs of ~25 megapixels is a bit too low to match the possible print and eye resolution. However, when DSLRs reach 40 megapixels, which I think they will quite soon (40-50 megapixels is a suitable "limit" for 36x24mm sensor with the current lens resolving power at least) I think many that use medium format today will think DSLRs are "good enough" in terms of image quality. Say with 45 megapixel DSLR you have the same pixel size as current APS-C cameras and you would get 8250x5500, which is 20.6x13.8 inches at 400 ppi (52x35 cm) which would at least be good enough for a spread in books of common sizes. Lowering to inkjet standards were ~300 ppi is considered good enough, those 45 megapixels may be "all that is needed" for any size. But we're not there yet, and still there are advantages of the larger sensor area (gathering more light), and of course there's more to a sensor and readout electronics than only megapixels.
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: hjulenissen on May 25, 2011, 03:20:52 pm
I think it is wise to separate between camera sensels, image file pixels, and printer dpi. There is no 1:1 correspondence (a 4000x4000 sensel camera will never produce a file with usable information right up to the theoretical limit, a 4800x1200 dpi printer cannot print a 4800x1200 pixel image in a square inch at full spatial/tonal resolution).

Further, the Human Visual System is probably more about acuity than actual detials. As long as an image is sharpened in a pleasing manner, and the printer/display has a pixel/ink shape, size and density that does not detract, we may be able to get by with lower resolution cameras.

-h
Title: Re: If its not megapixels what is it?
Post by: torger on May 25, 2011, 04:17:52 pm
I think it is wise to separate between camera sensels, image file pixels, and printer dpi. There is no 1:1 correspondence (a 4000x4000 sensel camera will never produce a file with usable information right up to the theoretical limit, a 4800x1200 dpi printer cannot print a 4800x1200 pixel image in a square inch at full spatial/tonal resolution).

Further, the Human Visual System is probably more about acuity than actual detials. As long as an image is sharpened in a pleasing manner, and the printer/display has a pixel/ink shape, size and density that does not detract, we may be able to get by with lower resolution cameras.

-h

Yes, you're right, and it is very much technology dependent. My discussion on how much megapixels you need is just a rough estimation. A perfectionist wants as high resolution that if increasing it further there's no detectable difference. Some people don't want to include viewing distance either, that is regardless of size they want to max out the printing technology, meaning 300 - 400 ppi regardless of print size.

(When inkjets are involved I think it is important to differ pixels from inkjet raster dots, you need a lot more rastered dpi than ppi to render an image.)

The pixel shape thing is interesting -- personally I think 100% information down to the pixel level in the image file is overrated, probably due to too much pixel-peeping. Actually, some slight fuzziness on the pixel level due to lens resolution limits, diffraction, demosaicing etc is desirable - the sensel size should not be the gating limit of resolution. And the pixel size of the image should preferably slightly outresolve the printing technology at least for close viewing distances.

The thing is that noone likes digital artifacts. While it may be romantic with some film grain in a print noone likes "the jaggies"/pixelation (or any other digital artifact), so you really don't want to present the image in a medium that makes individual pixels visible. This is one reason in that I don't believe in foveon sensors *at all* as long as they are considerably lower resolution than the bayer sensors. The "fuzziness factor" should not be large though (say 15% or so), and it is not in quality bayer systems. I was referring to bayer sensors in the resolution discussion by the way, that is not expecting 100% pixel detail of those 69 megapixels.

It shall be interesting for me to investigate what the upsizing software can do, which promise to repair the pixelation stuff somewhat but I am skeptical. If upsizing software really are fantastic then 100% detail on pixel level might actually be useful, but to me it seems better to increase acutance (sharpen) an image which by nature has just slightly higher pixel resolution than the actual resolution it contains.